Contamination and effects of perfluorochemicals in Baikal Seal (Pusa sibirica).: 1.: Residue level, tissue distribution, and temporal trend
Contamination and effects of perfluorochemicals in Baikal Seal (Pusa sibirica).: 1.: Residue level, tissue distribution, and temporal trend
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DOI：
10.1021/es072054f
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Petrov, Evgeny A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ishibashi, Hiroshi;Iwata, Hisato;Petrov, Evgeny A.
测定了2005年在俄罗斯贝加尔湖采集的贝加尔海豹(Pusa SiBirica)肝脏和血清中全氟烷基磺酸盐(PFSA)和全氟烷基羧酸盐(PFCA)的全氟化合物(PFC)浓度。在测定的10种PFC化合物中，全氟农酸(PFNA，3.3-72 ng/g湿重)在肝脏中的浓度最高，其次是全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS，2.6-38 ng/g)。长链(C7-C12)全氟辛烷烃的累积情况，特别是全氟辛烷酸的优势，表明8：2含氟调聚体酒精或商业生产的全氟辛烷酸是贝加尔湖全氟辛烷烃的主要本地来源。没有发现个体全氟化碳或总全氟化碳浓度与性别有关的差异。幼海豹和幼海豹的组织中全氟辛烷化合物的浓度相对高于亚成体和成年海豹组织，这表明全氟辛烷化合物的母体转移是至关重要的。比较同一贝加尔海豹个体肝脏和血清中全氟辛烷烃的浓度，发现全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)、全氟辛酸(PFNA)、全氟十一酸(PFDA)和全氟十一酸(Pfunda)在肝脏中的残留水平显著高于血清中的残留水平。经计算，PFNA和PFDA在肝脏和血清中的浓度比分别为14和15，而全氟辛烷磺酸的浓度比为2.4。这表明PFNA和PFDA都优先保留在肝脏中。肝组织中全氟辛烷磺酸、全氟辛烷磺酸和PFDA的浓度与血清中的浓度显著相关，而Pfunda在两种组织中的浓度不相关，这表明这些全氟辛烷的药代动力学存在差异。对1992年至2005年采集的海豹肝脏中全氟辛烷磺酸(p=0.0006)、全氟辛烷磺酸(p=0.061)和全氟辛烷磺酸(p=0.017)浓度的时间比较表明，贝加尔湖中的全氟辛烷磺酸(p=0.0006)、全氟辛烷磺酸(p=0.061)和全氟辛烷磺酸(p=0.017)的浓度较高，这表明贝加尔湖持续存在全氟碳化合物污染源。
Concentrations of perfluorochemicals (PFCs) including perfluoroalkylsulfonates (PFSAs) and perfluoroalkylcarboxylates (PFCAs) were determined in liver and serum of Baikal seals (Pusa sibirica) collected from Lake Baikal, Russia in 2005. Among the 10 PFC compounds measured, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA, 3.3-72 ng/g wet wt) concentrations were the highest in liver, followed by perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS, 2.6-38 ng/g). The accumulation profile of long-chain (C7-C12) PFCAs in particular, the predominance of PFNA, indicated that 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol or commercially manufactured PFNA is a major local source of PFCs in Lake Baikal. No gender-related differences in the concentrations of individual PFCs or total PFCs were found. Tissues from pups and juveniles contained relatively higher concentrations of PFCs than tissues from subadults and adults, suggesting that maternal transfer of PFCs is of critical importance, Comparison of concentrations of PFCs in livers and sera collected from the same individuals of Baikal seals revealed that residue levels of PFOS, PFNA, perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) were significantly higher in liver than in serum. The concentration ratios of PFNA and PFDA between liver and serum were calculated to be 14 and 15, respectively, whereas the ratio of PFOS was 2.4. This suggests preferential retention of both PFNA and PFDA in liver. Concentrations of PFOS, PFNA, and PFDA in liver were significantly correlated with those in serum, whereas concentrations of PFUnDA were not correlated in between the two tissues, suggesting differences in pharmacokinetics among these PFCs. Temporal comparisons of hepatic PFC concentrations in seals collected between 1992 and 2005 showed that the concentrations of PFOS (p = 0.0006), PFNA (p = 0.061) and PFDA (p = 0.017) were higher in animals collected in recent years, indicating ongoing sources of PFC contamination in Lake Baikal.