The role of miRNAs in alveolar epithelial cells in emphysema.

The role of miRNAs in alveolar epithelial cells in emphysema.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112216
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发表时间:
2021-11
期刊:
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
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其他
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慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)是一种炎症性肺病,成为全球死亡率和发病率的主要原因之一。COPD的重要危险因素是暴露于有害颗粒物,如香烟烟雾、生物质烟雾和空气污染。肺气肿属于慢性阻塞性肺病,其特征是独特的肺泡破坏模式,导致明显的空域扩大。肺泡II型(ATII)细胞具有干细胞潜力;它们增殖并分化为肺泡I型细胞,以在损伤后恢复上皮。氧化应激导致细胞过早衰老,这可能导致肺气肿的发展。MiRNA调节基因表达,对于维持ATII细胞稳态是必不可少的,并且它们的失调有助于这种疾病的发展。它们还可作为肺部疾病的生物标志物和潜在的治疗剂。本文就miRNAs在肺气肿肺泡上皮细胞中的作用作一综述。
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory lung disease becoming one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity globally. The significant risk factors for COPD are exposure to harmful particles such as cigarette smoke, biomass smoke, and air pollution. Pulmonary emphysema belongs to COPD and is characterized by a unique alveolar destruction pattern resulting in marked airspace enlargement. Alveolar type II (ATII) cells have stem cell potential; they proliferate and differentiate to alveolar type I cells to restore the epithelium after damage. Oxidative stress causes premature cell senescence that can contribute to emphysema development. MiRNAs regulate gene expression, are essential for maintaining ATII cell homeostasis, and their dysregulation contributes to this disease development. They also serve as biomarkers of lung diseases and potential therapeutics. In this review, we summarize recent findings on miRNAs’ role in alveolar epithelial cells in emphysema.
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