Some physicochemical aspects of water-soluble mineral flotation
Some physicochemical aspects of water-soluble mineral flotation
复制标题
水溶性矿物浮选的一些物理化学方面
DOI：
10.1016/j.cis.2016.06.005
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
15.6
通讯作者：
Miller Jan D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu Zhijian;Wang Xuming;Liu Haining;Zhang Huifang;Miller Jan D.
介绍了水溶性矿物浮选的一些物理化学方面，包括水化现象、捕收剂之间的联系和相互作用、气泡和水溶性矿物颗粒。在饱和盐溶液中进行浮选，以及为有效浮选不同的盐而选择广泛的捕收剂浓度是水溶性矿物浮选的两个基本方面。盐离子、矿物颗粒表面、捕收剂分子或离子以及捕收剂聚集体的水化作用在水溶性矿物浮选中起重要作用。收集器在气泡表面的吸附是矿物颗粒与气泡结合的先决条件。捕收剂与水溶性矿物的结合是一个复杂的过程，其中可能包括捕收剂分子或离子在这些表面上的吸附，和/或捕收剂沉淀物或晶体在矿物表面上的附着。捕收剂与矿物之间的相互作用包括静电和疏水相互作用、氢键相互作用和特异相互作用，其中静电和疏水相互作用是常见的机理。对于离子收集器与带相反电荷的矿物的结合，静电和疏水相互作用可能具有协同效应，先前结合的收集器的疏水基与即将到来的收集器的疏水基之间的疏水相互作用是重要的吸引力。固体颗粒与气泡的结合是泡沫浮选的关键，其受矿物颗粒表面的疏水性、矿物颗粒与气泡的表面电荷、矿物颗粒的大小和形状、温度、气泡大小等因素的影响。建议采用捕收剂与起泡剂联合使用以及混合表面活性剂作为捕收剂来改善浮选效果。
Some physicochemical aspects of water-soluble mineral flotation including hydration phenomena, associations and interactions between collectors, air bubbles, and water-soluble mineral particles are presented. Flotation carried out in saturated salt solutions, and a wide range of collector concentrations for effective flotation of different salts are two basic aspects of water-soluble mineral flotation. Hydration of salt ions, mineral particle surfaces, collector molecules or ions, and collector aggregates play an important role in water-soluble mineral flotation. The adsorption of collectors onto bubble surfaces is suggested to be the precondition for the association of mineral particles with bubbles. The association of collectors with water-soluble minerals is a complicated process, which may include the adsorption of collector molecules or ions onto such surfaces, and/or the attachment of collector precipitates or crystals onto the mineral surfaces. The interactions between the collectors and the minerals include electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and specific interactions, with electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions being the common mechanisms. For the association of ionic collectors with minerals with an opposite charge, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions could have a synergistic effect, with the hydrophobic interactions between the hydrophobic groups of the previously associated collectors and the hydrophobic groups of oncoming collectors being an important attractive force. Association between solid particles and air bubbles is the key to froth flotation, which is affected by hydrophobicity of the mineral particle surfaces, surface charges of mineral particles and bubbles, mineral particle size and shape, temperature, bubble size, etc. The use of a collector together with a frother and the use of mixed surfactants as collectors are suggested to improve flotation.