Using the Global Positioning System to Study the Atmosphere of the Earth: Overview and Prospects
Using the Global Positioning System to Study the Atmosphere of the Earth: Overview and Prospects
复制标题
利用全球定位系统研究地球大气：概述与展望
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Elgered
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
James L. Davis;M. Cosmo;G. Elgered
全球定位系统（GPS）在测量（通常是真实的时间）中性大气层和电离层的各种特性方面的应用日益广泛。早期的空间大地测量技术对大气层也很敏感，而全球定位系统提供了更密集的大气层空间和时间采样。改进的空间采样主要是由于GPS接收机系统价格低廉，其成本约为Mark III甚长基线干涉测量（VLBI）接收机/记录器系统成本的0.5%，从而能够部署真正大量的GPS接收机。在高时间频率处获得改进的采样，因为GPS信号的高信噪比（SNR）使得能够实现非常低的积分周期（< 1秒）。在低时间频率，GPS接收机系统的低成本和数据简化的简单性使得能够采用连续操作的GPS接收机。因此，可以在极长的时间段内获得数据。
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly finding increasingly wide application in the measurement (often in real time) of a variety of properties of both the neutral atmosphere and the ionosphere. Whereas earlier space geodetic techniques were also sensitive to the atmosphere, GPS provides a much denser spatial and temporal sampling of the atmosphere. The improved spatial sampling is due mainly to the low price of GPS receiver systems—which are ~0.5% of the cost of, say, a Mark III Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) receiver/recorder system—thereby enabling a truly large number of GPS receivers to be deployed. An improved sampling is obtained at high temporal frequencies because the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the GPS signals enables very low integration periods (< 1 sec). At low temporal frequencies, the low cost of the GPS receiver systems and the simplicity of data reduction enable continuously operating GPS receivers to be employed. Thus, data may be obtained for extremely long periods of time.