PHIPS-HALO: the airborne Particle Habit Imaging and Polar Scattering probe - Part 1: Design and operation
PHIPS-HALO: the airborne Particle Habit Imaging and Polar Scattering probe - Part 1: Design and operation
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DOI：
10.5194/amt-9-3131-2016
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
A. Abdelmonem;E. Järvinen;D. Duft;E. Hirst;Steffen Vogt;T. Leisner;M. Schnaiter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Abdelmonem;E. Järvinen;D. Duft;E. Hirst;Steffen Vogt;T. Leisner;M. Schnaiter
混合云和冰云中冰晶的数量和形状影响云的辐射特性、降水发生和寿命。由于云在气候系统中起着重要作用，通过散射太阳光和吸收地球的热辐射来影响能量收支，因此有必要研究云粒子的光学和微物理特性，特别是在现场。云粒子的微物理和单次散射特性之间的关系通常是通过模拟冰晶尺寸分布的原位测量的光学散射特性来获得的。在非球形冰粒的情况下，测量的尺寸分布和假设的粒子形状可能是错误的。有一个需求，以获得相应的信息，并在其自然环境中的单个云粒子同时。为了评估作为冰颗粒习性和晶体复杂性的函数的平均散射相函数，需要原位测量。为此，我们已经开发了一种新的机载光学传感器（PHIPS-HALO），以测量光学特性和相应的微物理参数的单个云粒子的同时。PHIPS-HALO已经在AIDA云模拟室中进行了测试，并部署在山区站以及研究飞机（HALO和Polar 6）上。它是实验室原型仪器PHIPS-AIDA的后续版本。本文介绍了PHIPS-HALO的详细设计，包括探测机制、光学设计、机械结构和气动特性。
The number and shape of ice crystals present in mixed-phase and ice clouds influence the radiation properties, precipitation occurrence and lifetime of these clouds. Since clouds play a major role in the climate system, influencing the energy budget by scattering sunlight and absorbing heat radiation from the earth, it is necessary to investigate the optical and microphysical properties of cloud particles particularly in situ. The relationship between the microphysics and the single scattering properties of cloud particles is usually obtained by modelling the optical scattering properties from in situ measurements of ice crystal size distributions. The measured size distribution and the assumed particle shape might be erroneous in case of non-spherical ice particles. There is a demand to obtain both information correspondently and simultaneously for individual cloud particles in their natural environment. For evaluating the average scattering phase function as a function of ice particle habit and crystal complexity, in situ measurements are required. To this end we have developed a novel airborne optical sensor (PHIPS-HALO) to measure the optical properties and the corresponding microphysical parameters of individual cloud particles simultaneously. PHIPS-HALO has been tested in the AIDA cloud simulation chamber and deployed in mountain stations as well as research aircraft (HALO and Polar 6). It is a successive version of the laboratory prototype instrument PHIPS-AIDA. In this paper we present the detailed design of PHIPS-HALO, including the detection mechanism, optical design, mechanical construction and aerodynamic characterization.