The effect of nitrogen timing and rate on radiation interception, grain yield and grain quality in autumn sown oats
The effect of nitrogen timing and rate on radiation interception, grain yield and grain quality in autumn sown oats
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2018.12.001
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Spink, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finnan, John;Burke, Brendan;Spink, John
人们越来越重视燕麦的营养和健康益处，但最近很少对燕麦的农艺学进行研究。在爱尔兰进行了为期两年（2016-2017年）的试验，以研究氮（N）时间和比例对秋播燕麦辐射截留、产量和品质的影响。每年进行两次实验。在第一个试验中，在GS 21、GS 30、GS 32或GS 39（主区因子）上应用氮响应曲线（0、30、60、90、120、150 kg N/ha;裂区因子）。在第二个试验中，在GS 30以0、30、60、90 kg/ha的施用率（主区因子）施用N，然后在GS 32以0、30、60、90、120和150 kg/ha的施用率（裂区因子）施用N。除了剑叶叶绿素含量和株高之外，还测量了整个生长季节的辐射拦截。在收获时量化谷物产量和品质。施氮时间对辐射截留的影响随着施氮时间的推迟而减弱，但只要作物在GS 32前接受过氮肥，施氮时间对秋播燕麦的籽粒产量没有影响。籽粒数与截获辐射密切相关，特别是在开花前和开花期间。辐射截获增加的整体施氮率的增加，但粮食产量在150公斤N/公顷达到一个平台。施氮后籽粒产量的增加主要是每穗粒数增加的结果。在GS 30和GS 32之间以不同方式分配N对籽粒产量和粒重没有显著影响，但是，对于120和150 kg/ha的总N率，百升重量随着GS 30施用N的比例增加而增加。燕麦作物的籽粒数可以通过施氮来优化，以确保在开花前和开花期间的辐射拦截最大化。
There is a growing appreciation of the nutritional and health benefits of oats but little recent research has been conducted on the agronomy of oats. Experiments were conducted in Ireland over a two year period (2016-2017) to study the effect of nitrogen (N) timing and rate on radiation interception, yield and quality of autumn sown oats. Two experiments were conducted in each year. In the first experiment, a nitrogen response curve (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 kg N/ha; split-plot factor) was applied at either GS21, GS30, GS32 or GS39 (main-plot factor). In the second experiment, N was applied at GS30 at rates of 0, 30, 60, 90 kg/ha (main-plot factor) and then at GS32 at rates of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg/ha (split-plot factor). Measurements of radiation interception were made throughout the growing season in addition to flag leaf chlorophyll content and plant height. Grain yield and quality was quantified at harvest. The effect of N timing on radiation interception diminished as N application was delayed but the timing of N supply had no effect on the grain yield in autumn sown oats as long as the crop had received N by GS32. Grain numbers were strongly related to intercepted radiation, particularly in the period immediately before and during anthesis. Radiation interception increased as the overall rate of N application increased but grain yield reached a plateau at 150 kg N/ha. Increases in grain yield after N application were primarily the result of increases in the number of grains per panicle. Splitting N in different ways between GS30 and GS32 had no significant effect on grain yield and grain weight but, for overall N rates of 120 and 150 kg/ha, hectolitre weight increased as the proportion of N applied at GS30 was increased. Grain numbers in oat crops can be optimised by applying N to ensure that radiation interception is maximised in the period prior to and during anthesis.