Water sensor network applications: T ime to move beyond the technical?
Water sensor network applications: T ime to move beyond the technical?
复制标题
水传感器网络应用：是时候超越技术了？
DOI：
10.1002/hyp.13179
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Mao F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mao F
我们观察到最近水文和水资源项目的范围和多样性急剧增加，使用低成本传感器网络收集跨时空的数据。通过回顾最新的传感和无线通信技术及其应用，以及我们最近在低收入和中等收入国家实施水文传感器的经验（Mountain‐EVO，2017），我们认为传感器网络的研究前沿必须超越纯粹的技术考虑。这是因为可用的低成本模块（如Arduino，Raspberry Pi和Xbee）和廉价传感器的范围现在可以快速开发高效且易于组装的强大传感器网络，而不必从头开始构建。这些模块具有各种各样的功能和特性，可以为具有广泛不同目标和愿望的用户定制水文监测网络。“非技术挑战”涉及如何将传感、信息和通信技术的实施转化为满足当代社会挑战的应用，如水资源管理（Aqeel-Ur-Bullman，Islam，& Shaanxi，2014），抗灾能力建设（Mao等人，2017年）和可持续发展（Buytaert等人，2014年）。越来越明显的是，在评价信息和通信技术（信通技术）的成功应用方面，这些社会挑战应比技术因素发挥更重要的作用。尽管如此，这些非技术方面仍然在很大程度上被水文学家和传感器网络开发人员所忽视。在这篇评论中，我们收集了水文科学界对水传感器网络应用的最新观点，并列出了关键的技术和非技术挑战，我们认为水文传感器的成功应用需要进一步研究，不仅是技术本身，而且是社会文化和治理方面。
We have observed a dramatic increase recently in the range and diversity of hydrological and water resources projects using low‐cost sensor networks to collect data across space‐time. By reviewing the latest sensing and wireless communication technologies and their applications, and our recent experience of implementing hydrological sensors in low and middle income countries (Mountain‐EVO, 2017), we argue here that the research frontier for sensor networks has to move beyond purely technical considerations. This is because the scope of available low‐cost modules (such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and Xbee) and inexpensive sensors now enables rapid development of robust sensor networks that are highly effective and easily assembled rather than having to be built from scratch. With a wide variety of functions and features, these modules can support customisation of hydrological monitoring networks for users that have widely different goals and aspirations.“Non‐technical challenges” concern how the implementation of sensing, information, and communication technologies can be transformed into applications that meet contemporary societal challenges, such as water resources management (Aqeel‐Ur‐Rehman, Islam, & Shaikh, 2014), disaster resilience building (Mao et al., 2017), and sustainable development (Buytaert et al., 2014). It is increasingly evident that these societal challenges should play a more important role than technological considerations in evaluating successful applications of information and communication technologies (ICTs). Nonetheless, these non‐technical aspects continue to be largely overlooked by hydrologists and sensor network developers.In this commentary, we gather current views from the hydrological sciences community on water sensor network applications and distil‐out the key technical and non‐technical challenges, from which we contest that successful applications of hydrological sensors require further research, not only on technology itself but also on sociocultural and governance aspects.