A Taxonomy and Survey of Edge Cloud Computing for Intelligent Transportation Systems and Connected Vehicles
A Taxonomy and Survey of Edge Cloud Computing for Intelligent Transportation Systems and Connected Vehicles
复制标题
智能交通系统和联网车辆边缘云计算的分类与研究
DOI：
10.1109/tits.2021.3084396
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发表时间：
2021-06-04
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Mouzakitis, Alexandros
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arthurs, Peter;Gillam, Lee;Mouzakitis, Alexandros
智能互联汽车和智能交通系统(ITS)的最新进展是基于对大量传感器数据的捕获和处理。现代车辆包含许多内部传感器来监控广泛的机械和电气系统，向半自动车辆的转变增加了摄像头、激光雷达和雷达等向外看的传感器。ITS正在开始连接现有的传感器，如道路摄像头、交通密度传感器、交通速度传感器、紧急车辆和公共交通应答器。然后对这些不同范围的数据进行处理，以产生对道路网络的融合情况感知，并用于提供实时管理，其中大部分决策是自动化的。道路网络有静默期和交通高峰期，云计算可以通过根据需要提供处理负载和扩展来提供处理高峰的良好解决方案，但在某些情况下，传统云数据中心的延迟太高或带宽太受限。云计算位于网络的边缘，靠近车辆及其传感器，可以为延迟和带宽限制提供解决方案，但车辆的高移动性和基础设施的异构性仍然需要解决。本文综述了有关云计算与ITS和互联车辆的使用的文献，并提供了相关的分类及其用例。最后，我们确定了需要进一步研究的地方，以便使车辆和ITS能够以完全受管和自动化的方式使用边缘云计算。我们调查了496篇论文，涵盖了七年的时间跨度，第一篇论文于2013年发表，2019年结束。
Recent advances in smart connected vehicles and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are based upon the capture and processing of large amounts of sensor data. Modern vehicles contain many internal sensors to monitor a wide range of mechanical and electrical systems and the move to semi-autonomous vehicles adds outward looking sensors such as cameras, lidar, and radar. ITS is starting to connect existing sensors such as road cameras, traffic density sensors, traffic speed sensors, emergency vehicle, and public transport transponders. This disparate range of data is then processed to produce a fused situation awareness of the road network and used to provide real-time management, with much of the decision making automated. Road networks have quiet periods followed by peak traffic periods and cloud computing can provide a good solution for dealing with peaks by providing offloading of processing and scaling-up as required, but in some situations latency to traditional cloud data centres is too high or bandwidth is too constrained. Cloud computing at the edge of the network, close to the vehicle and ITS sensor, can provide a solution for latency and bandwidth constraints hut the high mobility of vehicles and heterogeneity of infrastructure still needs to be addressed. This paper surveys the literature for cloud computing use with ITS and connected vehicles and provides taxonomies for that plus their use cases. We finish by identifying where further research is needed in order to enable vehicles and ITS to use edge cloud computing in a fully managed and automated way. We surveyed 496 papers covering a seven-year timespan with the first paper appearing in 2013 and ending at the conclusion of 2019.