Analysis of the molecular and behavioral effects of acute social isolation on rats
Analysis of the molecular and behavioral effects of acute social isolation on rats
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112191
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发表时间：
2020-01-13
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Alshammari, Musaad A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alshammari, Tahani K.;Alghamdi, Hajar;Alshammari, Musaad A.
抑郁、焦虑和压力相关的精神障碍的潜在机制还远未被理解。利用焦虑和压力的动物模型可以提高我们对这些疾病的病理学知识，并有助于确定药理学治疗靶点。炎症在应激相关疾病的病理学中的参与是广泛公认的。因此，本研究旨在评估急性隔离大鼠的抑郁和焦虑样行为以及神经炎症。研究设计包括两个主要组：1）急性隔离大鼠（每笼1只大鼠）和2）标准圈养大鼠（每笼2只大鼠）。在急性隔离的10天内，我们进行了行为测试，包括蔗糖新恐惧症（SNP），蔗糖偏好测试（SPT），旷场（OPF）和强迫游泳测试（FST）。在另一组实验中，我们检测了分离5天后的分子变化，我们检测了海马脑区Toll样受体（TLR）和炎症标记物的mRNA表达。我们发现，急性社会隔离没有深刻的功能影响，行为分析显示隔离和标准圈养大鼠之间的相似之处。然而，分子研究显示TLR显著增加。在分离大鼠的海马中观察到白细胞介素6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的增加，但对照大鼠没有。结果表明，急性环境隔离并没有显着影响抑郁和焦虑样行为，但有助于上调神经炎症反应。这表明暴露于短期隔离后开始神经元损伤。
The mechanism underlying depression, anxiety, and stress-related psychiatric disorders is far from understood. The utilization of animal models of anxiety and stress can improve our knowledge of the pathology of these disorders as well as aiding in the identification of pharmacological therapeutic targets. The involvement of inflammation in the pathology of stress-related disorders is widely acknowledged. This study was therefore undertaken to assess depressive and anxiety-like behavior as well as neuroinflammation in acute-isolated rats. The study design comprised two main groups:1) rats in acute isolation (one rat per cage) and 2) standard housing (two rats per cage). Within ten days of acute isolation, we carried behavioral tests including Sucrose Neophobia (SNP), Sucrose Preference Test (SPT), Open field (OPF), and a Forced swim test (FST). In a separate set of experiments, we examined the molecular changes after five days of isolations, we examined the mRNA expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and inflammatory markers in the hippocampal brain region. We found that acute social isolation did not have profound functional effects and the behavioral analysis revealed similarities between the isolated and standard housed rats. However, the molecular studies showed a significant increase in TLRs. An increase in Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was observed in the hippocampus of isolated rats but not the control rats. The results suggest that acute environmental isolation does not significantly affect depressive and anxiety-like behavior but does contribute to upregulations in neuroinflammatory responses. This indicates the initiation of neuronal insults following exposure to short-term isolation.