MEASUREMENTS OF RAINSPLASH EROSION AND FORMATION OF COLLUVIUM BENEATH DECIDUOUS WOODLAND IN LUXEMBOURG ARDENNES
MEASUREMENTS OF RAINSPLASH EROSION AND FORMATION OF COLLUVIUM BENEATH DECIDUOUS WOODLAND IN LUXEMBOURG ARDENNES
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DOI：
10.1002/esp.3290020208
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发表时间：
1977-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
KWAAD, FJPM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KWAAD, FJPM
在卢森堡阿登的树木繁茂的干燥山谷中，出现了一种砾石和略带有机质的堆积物。这种物质的沉积性质是通过其微形态特征和它在较老土壤的被截断的粘土层上的位置来确定的。花粉分析显示，冰山丘形成于过去500年，在非森林(可能是耕地)条件下，位于哈亚特山谷的下部37厘米处，在今天的橡树林地下，上部10厘米处。通过对森林土壤的渗透性和入渗能力的测量，排除了霍顿陆上水流形成丘陵的可能性。用简化的Ellison型溅板说明了雨溅侵蚀对冰盖上部形成的重要性。由雨滴撞击引起的两种运输方式可以区分开来，一种是通过空气(6.3毫米以下的颗粒)，另一种是穿过土壤表面(1厘米及以上的颗粒)。被困土壤的总体粒度分布与堆积层非常相似，堆积层中的砾石大小的岩石碎片当然不排除是雨水溅蚀的来源。
In wooded dry valleys in the Luxembourg Ardennes a gravelly and slightly organic colluvial deposit occurs. The depositionary nature of the material is ascertained by its micromorphological characteristics and its position on top of a truncated argillic horizon of an older soil. Pollen analysis revealed the colluvium to have been formed in the last 500 years, the lower 37 cm in the Haarts valley under non‐forest (presumably arable land) conditions and the upper 10 cm under today's oak woodland. A formation of the colluvium by Horton overland flow is ruled out by permeability and infiltration capacity measurements of the forest soil. The importance of rainsplash erosion for the formation of the upper part of the colluvium is demonstrated with simplified Ellison type splash boards. Two modes of transport, induced by raindrop impact, may be distinguished, one through the air (particles up to 6.3 mm) and one across the soil surface (particles up to and above 1 cm). The overall grain size distribution of the trapped soil strongly resembles that of the colluvium, and the gravel sized rock fragments in the colluvium certainly do not exclude an origin by rainsplash erosion.