The anti-bat strategy of ultrasound absorption: the wings of nocturnal moths (Bombycoidea: Saturniidae) absorb more ultrasound than the wings of diurnal moths (Chalcosiinae: Zygaenoidea: Zygaenidae).
The anti-bat strategy of ultrasound absorption: the wings of nocturnal moths (Bombycoidea: Saturniidae) absorb more ultrasound than the wings of diurnal moths (Chalcosiinae: Zygaenoidea: Zygaenidae).
复制标题
超声吸收的抗BAT策略：夜间飞蛾（Bombycoidea：Saturniidae）的翅膀比昼夜飞蛾（Chalcosiinae：Zygaenoidea：Zygaenidae）更吸收超声。
DOI：
10.1242/bio.021782
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发表时间：
2017-01-15
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Windmill JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ntelezos A;Guarato F;Windmill JF
来自回声定位蝙蝠的选择压力推动了昆虫中各种各样的反蝙蝠策略的发展。例如，一些研究提出，一些飞蛾的翅膀吸收了蝙蝠超声波叫声中包含的大部分声能;结果，蝙蝠接收到衰减的回声，飞蛾对蝙蝠变得不可见。为了检验这一假设，即更大的暴露于蝙蝠捕食驱动器的发展更高的超声吸收，我们使用了一个小的混响室来测量夜间的翅膀的超声波吸收（蜻蜓目：Saturniidae）和昼夜蛾（Chalcosiinae：Zygaenoidea：Zygaenidae）。夜间土星的吸收因子的峰值显着高于白天的辉铜矿的吸收因子。然而，辉铜矿的翅膀吸收更多的超声波比一些日间蝴蝶的翅膀。在Zygaenidae的昼夜性/昼夜性的特征状态的系统发育分析后，我们提出，在Chalcosiinae的昼夜性是plesiomorphic（保留），因此，他们的翅膀的吸收可能不是从祖先的，夜间的形式，但适应蝙蝠的活动，重叠自己的一个退化特征。在种内水平上，女性的saturniids Argema mittrei和Samia cynthia ricini有显着高于男性的吸收系数。在雌性S. C.蓖麻，较高的吸收系数对应于蝙蝠的检测距离，最多比雄性短20-30%。摘要：蛾翅膀部分吸收蝙蝠的超声波叫声，以减少捕食。不同的飞蛾在夜间或白天飞行，这项工作比较了它们对超声波的吸收。
The selection pressure from echolocating bats has driven the development of a diverse range of anti-bat strategies in insects. For instance, several studies have proposed that the wings of some moths absorb a large portion of the sound energy contained in a bat's ultrasonic cry; as a result, the bat receives a dampened echo, and the moth becomes invisible to the bat. To test the hypothesis that greater exposure to bat predation drives the development of higher ultrasound absorbance, we used a small reverberation chamber to measure the ultrasound absorbance of the wings of nocturnal (Bombycoidea: Saturniidae) and diurnal moths (Chalcosiinae: Zygaenoidea: Zygaenidae). The absorption factor of the nocturnal saturniids peaks significantly higher than the absorption factor of the diurnal chalcosiines. However, the wings of the chalcosiines absorb more ultrasound than the wings of some diurnal butterflies. Following a phylogenetic analysis on the character state of diurnality/ nocturnality in the Zygaenidae, we propose that diurnality in the Chalcosiinae is plesiomorphic (retained); hence, the absorbance of their wings is probably not a vestigial trait from an ancestral, nocturnal form but an adaptation to bat activity that overlaps their own. On a within-species level, females of the saturniids Argema mittrei and Samia cynthia ricini have significantly higher absorption factors than the males. In the female S. c. ricini, the higher absorption factor corresponds to a detection distance by bats that is at best 20-30% shorter than that of the male. Summary: Moth wings partly absorb the ultrasonic calls of bats to reduce predation. Different moths fly at night or day, and this work compares their absorption of ultrasound.