Isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
Isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
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DOI：
10.1645/ge-1444.1
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Su, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dubey, J. P.;Fair, P. A.;Su, C.
海洋哺乳动物弓形虫感染是海洋环境和沿海沃茨卵囊污染的一个重要标志。在以前的血清学调查中，来自佛罗里达州、南卡罗来纳州和加州州海岸的> 90%的瓶鼻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）对T.用改良凝集试验（MAT）检测弓形虫。在本研究中，尝试分离T.从死亡T. truncatus)(采自菜豆)。在2005年、2006年和2007年期间，血清或血凝块和组织（脑、心脏、骨骼肌）分别为52 T。在南卡罗来纳州的海岸搁浅的截形T.刚地抗T.在49只海豚中的26只（53%）中发现了刚地线虫（MAT 1：25或更高）; 3只动物的血清不可用。对32只海豚（26只血清阳性，3只血清阴性，3只无伴随血清）的组织（心脏、肌肉，有时还有脑）在小鼠或猫或两者中进行了弓形虫生物测定。对受体小鼠组织进行T.刚地阶段。检查了受体猫粪便中弓形虫卵囊的脱落情况，但均未排出卵囊。从3只海豚（其中2只MAT滴度为1：200，另1只无血清）的心脏组织中分离到弓形虫。利用10个PCR-RFLP标记（SAG 1、SAG 2、SAG 3、SAG 4、SAG 5、SAG 6、SAG 8、SAG 10、SAG 11、SAG 12、SAG 1-3、SAG 14、SAG 15、SAG 16、SAG 17、SAG 18、SAG 19、SAG 20、SAG 21、SAG 22、SAG 21、SAG SAG3。BTUB、GRA 6、c22-8、c29-2、L358、PK 1和Apico）共检测到2种基因型。3个分离株中的2个在所有基因座上均具有II型等位基因，属于克隆11型谱系。一个分离株具有独特的基因型。这是首次从截形弓形虫中分离到弓形虫活菌。
Toxoplasma gondii infection in marine mammals is intriguing and indicative of contamination of the ocean environment and coastal waters with oocysts. In previous serological surveys, > 90% of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the coasts of Florida, South Carolina, and California had antibodies to T. gondii by the modified agglutination test (MAT). In the present study, attempts were made to isolate T. gondii from dead T. truncatus. During 2005, 2006, and 2007, serum or blood clot, and tissues (brain, heart, skeletal muscle) of 52 T. truncatus stranded on the coasts of South Carolina were tested for T. gondii. Antibodies to T. gondii (MAT 1:25 or higher) were found in 26 (53%) of 49 dolphins; serum was not available from 3 animals. Tissues (heart, muscle, and sometimes brain) of 32 dolphins (26 seropositive, 3 seronegative, and 3 without accompanying sera) were bioassayed for T gondii in mice, or cats, or both. Tissues of the recipient mice were examined for T. gondii stages. Feces of recipient cats were examined for shedding of T gondii oocysts, but none excreted oocysts. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from hearts of the 3 dolphins (2 with MAT titers of 1:200, and I without accompanied serum) by bioassay in mice. Genotyping of these 3 T gondii isolates (designated TgDoUs 1-3) with the use of 10 PCR-RFLP markers (SAG 1, SAG2. SAG3. BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico) revealed 2 genotypes. Two of the 3 isolates have Type II alleles at all loci and belong to the clonal Type 11 lineage. One isolate has a unique genotype. This is the first report of isolation of viable T gondii from T truncatus.