Neuropsychological function and delay discounting in methamphetamine-dependent individuals
Neuropsychological function and delay discounting in methamphetamine-dependent individuals
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-006-0494-0
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Mitchell, Suzanne H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoffman, William F.;Moore, Meredith;Mitchell, Suzanne H.
甲基苯丙胺(MA)依赖是导致大量神经精神疾病的原因。此外，文献中有证据表明长期吸毒者的精神和认知功能受损。目的本报告比较了依赖MA的个体和正常对照个体的一般精神和认知功能，包括冲动决策。材料与方法41名目前戒毒的MA依赖患者和41名对照受试者。对照组被选择来最小化年龄和性别上的组差异。MA使用者符合DSM-IV的MA依赖标准，平均每天使用0.5g/天(0.5-6g/天)，至少戒烟2周(2-24周)，目前不符合其他Axis I精神障碍的标准。精神症状在标准化量表上进行评分。认知功能通过一系列标准化的神经心理测试进行评估。结果MA组的精神症状多于对照组，且在Babcock Story Recall-Delay和Rey听觉言语学习测验中，MA组的精神症状明显低于对照组。MA依赖者对延迟奖赏的折现程度高于对照组，且这种冲动程度与MA组的记忆损害有关，但与对照组无关。结论MA依赖者比对照组更冲动，这可能与记忆缺陷有关，但与其他精神或认知损害指标或任何药物使用史变量无关。
Rationale Methamphetamine (MA) dependence accounts for substantial neuropsychiatric morbidity. Furthermore, there is evidence in the literature of psychiatric and cognitive impairment in chronic users.Objectives This report compares the general psychiatric and cognitive functioning, including impulsive decision-making,of individuals dependent on MA and normal controls.Materials and methods Forty-one currently abstinent individuals in treatment for MA dependence and 41 controls participated. Controls were selected to minimize group differences in age and gender. MA users met DSM-IV criteria for MA dependence, had average daily use of 0.5 g/day (0.5-6 g/day), had been abstinent at least 2 weeks (2-24 weeks), and did not currently meet criteria for other Axis I psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric symptoms were rated on standardized scales. Cognitive function was assessed with a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests. Impulsivity was assessed using a delay discounting task, which measured preference for small, immediate, and large delayed rewards.Results The MA group reported more psychiatric symptoms than controls, and was impaired relative to controls on the Babcock Story Recall-Delayed and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. MA-dependent subjects discounted delayed rewards more than controls, and this measure of impulsivity was correlated with memory impairment in the MA group but not in the controls.Conclusions MA-dependent individuals are more impulsive than controls, and this may be causally related to memory deficits but was unrelated to any other measure of psychiatric or cognitive impairment or any drug use history variable.