Effects of additives on the cure kinetics of vinyl ester pultrusion resins
Effects of additives on the cure kinetics of vinyl ester pultrusion resins
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DOI：
10.1177/00219983211001528
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发表时间：
2021-03-16
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Safonov, Alexander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vedernikov, Alexander;Nasonov, Yaroslav;Safonov, Alexander
纸浆模塑是一种高效的复合材料制造工艺。为了准确地描述纸浆，需要一个合适的树脂固化动力学模型。在这项研究中，我们研究了氢氧化铝（Al（OH）（3））和硬脂酸锌（Zn（C18 H35 O2）（2））作为加工助剂存在下乙烯基酯纸浆树脂（Atlac 430）的固化动力学模型。在此，研究了四种不同的树脂组合物：纯树脂组合物、具有Al（OH）的组合物（3）、包含Zn（C18 H35 O2）的组合物（2）以及包含Al（OH）（3）和Zn（C18 H35 O2）（2）的组合物。为了分析每个组合物，我们进行了差示扫描量热法在5，7.5，和10 K/min的加热速率。为了表征的Atlac 430，16动力学模型的固化动力学进行了测试，并比较了它们的性能。基于n阶自催化反应的模型表现出最好的结果，实验和预测数据之间的均方误差（MSE）为4.5%。本研究提出了一种方法，以减少由Zn（C18 H35 O2）（2）的同时熔化产生的MSE。我们能够将MSE降低约34%。在不同的温度和拉速下进行的数值模拟表明，树脂组合物对平板层压型材的塑性有显着影响。在不同模具温度（115、120、125和130摄氏度）下对600 mm长的模具块获得的模拟结果表明，对于在模具出口处具有超过95%的最终固化度的树脂，对于指定的一组组合物，拉伸速度的预测值之间的最大差异可能超过1.7倍。
Pultrusion is a highly efficient composite manufacturing process. To accurately describe pultrusion, an appropriate model of resin cure kinetics is required. In this study, we investigated cure kinetics modeling of a vinyl ester pultrusion resin (Atlac 430) in the presence of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)(3)) and zinc stearate (Zn(C18H35O2)(2)) as processing additives. Herein, four different resin compositions were studied: neat resin composition, composition with Al(OH)(3), composition comprising Zn(C18H35O2)(2), and composition containing both Al(OH)(3) and Zn(C18H35O2)(2). To analyze each composition, we performed differential scanning calorimetry at the heating rates of 5, 7.5, and 10 K/min. To characterize the cure kinetics of Atlac 430, 16 kinetic models were tested, and their performances were compared. The model based on the n th-order autocatalytic reaction demonstrated the best results, with a 4.5% mean squared error (MSE) between the experimental and predicted data. This study proposes a method to reduce the MSE resulting from the simultaneous melting of Zn(C18H35O2)(2). We were able to reduce the MSE by approximately 34%. Numerical simulations conducted at different temperatures and pulling speeds demonstrated a significant influence of resin composition on the pultrusion of a flat laminate profile. Simulation results obtained for the 600 mm long die block at different die temperatures (115, 120, 125, and 130 degrees C) showed that for a resin with a final degree of cure exceeding 95% at the die exit, the maximum difference between the predicted values of pulling speed for a specified set of compositions may exceed 1.7 times.