Shallow site archaeology: Artifact dispersal, stratigraphy, and radiocarbon dating at the Barger Gulch locality B Folsom Site, Middle Park, Colorado
Shallow site archaeology: Artifact dispersal, stratigraphy, and radiocarbon dating at the Barger Gulch locality B Folsom Site, Middle Park, Colorado
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浅层遗址考古学：科罗拉多州米德尔公园巴格峡谷 B 福尔瑟姆遗址的文物散布、地层学和放射性碳测年
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发表时间：
2005
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通讯作者：
G. Frison
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作者：
Todd A. Surovell;N. Waguespack;J. H. Mayer;M. Kornfeld;G. Frison
浅埋的考古遗址特别容易受到地表和地下扰动过程的影响。然而，由于文化沉积往往在短时间尺度上相对于地质沉积，垂直人工制品的分布可以用来澄清网站的形成问题。特别是，人工制品的分布模式，不能解释的占领历史必须解释的自然过程，影响网站。在10，450 14 C yr下仅埋在地表下10-50 cm处，Barger Gulch地点B（科罗拉多中部公园）的福尔松组件显示出许多沉积后扰动的迹象。通过检查人工制品组合的垂直分布的变化，我们能够确定只有一个福尔松组件存在。利用垂直人工制品分布，地层学和放射性碳测年，我们能够重建一系列影响该网站的事件。福尔松占领（10，450 14 C yr B. P.）很可能最初埋在更新世晚期风成粉砂壤土中在9400 ~ 7000 ~ 14 C yr B. P.之间积累的沉积物中形成了一个软质表层。在5200 ~ 14 C yr B. P.之后的一段时间，这种土壤被部分截断，先前向上分散的人工制品在其上部接触处产生了二次滞后。这个表面再次被掩埋，神器的散布继续进行。© 2005 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Shallowly buried archaeological sites are particularly susceptible to surface and subsurface disturbance processes. Yet, because cultural deposition often operates on short time scales relative to geologic deposition, vertical artifact distributions can be used to clarify questions of site formation. In particular, patterns in artifact distributions that cannot be explained by occupation histories must be explained by natural processes that have affected sites. Buried only 10–50 cm beneath the ground surface for 10,450 14C yr, the Folsom component at Barger Gulch Locality B (Middle Park, Colorado) exhibits many signs of post‐depositional disturbance. Through examination of variation in the vertical distribution of the artifact assemblage, we are able to establish that only a Folsom component is present. Using vertical artifact distributions, stratigraphy, and radiocarbon dating, we are able to reconstruct the series of events that have impacted the site. The Folsom occupation (˜10,450 14C yr B.P.) was likely initially buried in a late‐Pleistocene eolian silt loam. Erosion brought the artifacts to rest on a deflation surface at some time prior to 9400 14C yr B.P. A mollic epipedon formed in sediments that accumulated between 9400 and 7000 14C yr B.P. Some time after 5200 14C yr B.P., this soil was partially truncated, and artifacts that had previously dispersed upward created a secondary lag at its upper contact. This surface was buried again and artifact dispersal continued. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.