The changing landscape of naloxone availability in the United States, 2011-2017
The changing landscape of naloxone availability in the United States, 2011-2017
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.017
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Talbert, Jeffery C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freeman, Patricia R.;Hankosky, Emily R.;Talbert, Jeffery C.
自1999年以来，美国阿片类药物过量死亡人数一直在上升。纳洛酮是一种竞争性阿片类拮抗剂，可迅速逆转阿片类药物过量。纳洛酮获取法的实施和可由外行管理的纳洛酮制剂的开发与美国纳洛酮可用性的变化相吻合。使用IQVIA国家处方审核的数据，我们提供了从2011年到2017年第二季度每季度分发的纳洛酮处方数量。数据显示，从2015年第四季度到2017年第二季度，全国范围内的纳洛酮分配量增加了近8倍。截至2017年第二季度，Narcan是最常用的纳洛酮处方，占该季度处方的68%，其次是Evzio（20%）。在纳洛酮分配增加的程度上，各州存在相当大的差异，这可能代表了对阿片类药物危机的一般性州特异性反应，而不是与特定州的阿片类药物过量死亡率直接相关。虽然纳洛酮获取法继续增加纳洛酮的分发量，但在广泛分发救生药物方面，成本仍然是一个令人担忧的问题。
Opioid overdose deaths have been on the rise in the United States since 1999. Naloxone is a competitive opioid antagonist that rapidly reverses opioid overdose. The implementation of naloxone access laws and development of naloxone formulations that can be administered by laypersons have coincided with changes in the landscape of naloxone availability in the United States. Using data from IQVIA's National Prescription Audit' we present the number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed quarterly from 2011 through the second quarter of 2017. The data demonstrate that nationwide naloxone dispensing increased nearly eight-fold from the fourth quarter of 2015 to the second quarter of 2017. Narcan' was the most commonly prescribed naloxone formulation as of the second quarter of 2017, accounting for 68% of prescriptions during that quarter followed by Evzio' (20%). There was considerable variability in the extent to which states experienced increases in naloxone dispensing, which may represent a general state-specific response to the opioid crisis, rather than direct association with opioid overdose death rates in a particular state. Although naloxone access laws continue to increase the amount of naloxone dispensed, cost remains a concern in terms of wide distribution of the life-saving medication.