Trapping Farmer Communities Within Global Environmental Regimes: The Case of the GELOSE Legislation in Madagascar
Trapping Farmer Communities Within Global Environmental Regimes: The Case of the GELOSE Legislation in Madagascar
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将农民社区困在全球环境制度之内：马达加斯加 GELOSE 立法案例
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Lassoie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Pollini;J. Lassoie
1996年，马达加斯加政府颁布了《GELOSE法》，为将自然资源管理权转让给地方社区提供了法律框架。8年后，451个基地实施了管理转移，但它们是否真正有利于社区管理存在争议。本文根据一系列简短的案例研究来考察GELOSE立法，以确定其潜在的缺陷。结论是，通过建立新的机构而不是加强现有的机构，这种方法有利于地方精英获取资源，并被用于执行一项不容谈判的全球环境议程。为了有利于自然资源管理权的真正下放，我们建议采取更灵活的办法，这些办法可以为现有机构所利用，并补偿地方社区对其资源的限制。
In 1996, the Malagasy Government issued the GELOSE law to provide a legal framework for the transfer of natural resources management rights to local communities. Eight years later, management transfers have been implemented in 451 sites, but a controversy exists about whether they genuinely favor community-based management. This article examines the GELOSE legislation in the light of a series of short case studies in order to identify its potential pitfalls. The conclusion is that the approach, by creating new institutions instead of strengthening existing ones, favors resource capture by local elites and is utilized for the enforcement of a nonnegotiable, global environmental agenda. We propose, in order to favor a genuine devolution of natural resources management rights, to adopt more flexible approaches that can be appropriated by existing institutions and to compensate local communities for the restrictions of access to their resources.