Molecular systematics and biogeography of the genus Zizina (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Molecular systematics and biogeography of the genus Zizina (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
复制标题
DOI：
10.11646/zootaxa.1746.1.2
复制
发表时间：
2008-04
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
M. Yago;N. Hirai;M. Kondo;Tetsuo Tanikawa;M. Ishii;Min Wang;Mark C. Williams;R. Ueshima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Yago;N. Hirai;M. Kondo;Tetsuo Tanikawa;M. Ishii;Min Wang;Mark C. Williams;R. Ueshima
除新大陆（北美和南美）和欧亚大陆北部外，齐齐纳属蝴蝶广泛分布于所有动物地理区域。我们讨论了有关该属的分类学和生物地理学方面的一些问题。我们从mtDNA的ND5区域推断出该属目前分类的所有四个物种的系统发育关系。根据我们的分子分析和形态学证据，我们得出结论，该属包含三个种；Z.奥蒂斯，Z.奥克斯利和Z.埃梅丽娜。后一种的地位被修正，而Z. labradus和Z. antanossa则被认为是Z. otis的亚种。基于我们的分析，我们还使用系统地理学来讨论可能的物种形成事件。这三种齐齐纳物种似乎都是从共同祖先进化而来的分支，据估计，它们的分化时间大约在250万年前。据推测，Z. oxleyi和Z. emelina的祖先适应了温带气候，在北半球和南半球分化，并分别产生了来自新西兰和东亚的现存物种。相比之下，大耳鼠的祖先主要适应热带和亚热带地区，现存的大耳鼠分散在非洲热带、东方和澳大利亚地区。幼虫的摄食适应性也可能对Zizina的物种形成产生了影响。此外，我们的研究结果表明，有可能是由于最近从澳大利亚或其周围地区移民的Z. otis的引入，新西兰Z. oxleyi的分布范围缩小了。
Butterflies of the genus Zizina are widely distributed in all zoogeographical regions except the New World (North and South America) and the northern part of Eurasia. We address some of the problems in regard to the taxonomy and biogeography of the genus. We inferred phylogenetic relationships for all four species in the current classification of this genus from the ND5 region of mtDNA. From our molecular analyses and morphological evidence, we concluded that this genus contains three species; Z. otis, Z. oxleyi and Z. emelina. The status of the latter species is revised, while Z. labradus and Z. antanossa, which were formerly treated as specifically distinct, are regarded as subspecies of Z. otis. Based on our analyses, we also employ phylogeography to discuss possible speciation events in the genus. Each of the three Zizina species appears to have branched from the common ancestor, with a divergence time estimated to be about 2.5 million years ago. The ancestors of Z. oxleyi and Z. emelina are postulated to have adapted to a temperate climate, diverged in the northern and southern hemispheres, and resulted in the extant species from New Zealand and East Asia, respectively. In contrast, the ancestor of Z. otis adapted mainly to tropical and subtropical zones, and the extant Z. otis dispersed into the Afrotropical, Oriental and Australian regions. Feeding adaptations in the larvae also might have had an effect on speciation within Zizina. In addition, our results indicated that there is a possibility that the distribution of the New Zealand Z. oxleyi was reduced in extent by the introduction of Z. otis, which immigrated recently from Australia or its surroundings.