Assessment of Antimicrobial Usage and Residues in Commercial Chicken Eggs from Smallholder Poultry Keepers in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
Assessment of Antimicrobial Usage and Residues in Commercial Chicken Eggs from Smallholder Poultry Keepers in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01226.x
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Mdegela, R. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nonga, H. E.;Simon, C.;Mdegela, R. H.
2007年1月至2月期间，在Morogoro市确定了商品鸡蛋中的抗菌剂残留。对20名小农进行了访谈，了解抗菌剂的类型、使用原因以及他们对抗菌剂停药期的认识。采用琼脂扩散法和Delvotest SP（R）法对70份鸡蛋样品进行了定性分析。结果发现，农民使用抗菌药物预防和治疗常见的鸡疾病，即鸡伤寒（85%），传染性法氏囊病（Gumboro）（65%），传染性鼻炎（65%），大肠杆菌病（55%），球虫病（54%），纽卡斯尔病（50%），蠕虫病（20%）和鸡痘（15%）。抗菌药物占常用药物的85%。调查还发现，65%的农民自己对待他们的鸡。常见药物为土霉素（75%）、促卵剂（50%）、氨丙沙星（35%）、磺胺甲氧哒嗪（35%）、磺胺（25%）、金霉素（10%）、氯霉素（10%）、磺胺甲氧嘧啶（20%）、多西环素（20%）、磺胺嘧啶（25%）和氟甲喹（10%）。80%的农民知道抗生素停药期，在停药期前出售鸡蛋，近85%的农民不知道抗生素残留对人体的可能影响。用Delvotest试剂盒检测70枚鸡蛋中的抗菌药物残留均为阳性，而用琼脂扩散法检测阳性率为21.4%。得出的结论是，在餐桌鸡蛋中的抗菌剂残留物的存在可能是公共卫生意义的鸡蛋消费者在Morogoro市。
P>Occurrence of antimicrobial residues in commercial chicken eggs was determined in Morogoro municipality between January and February 2007. Twenty smallholder farmers were interviewed on the types of antimicrobials, reasons of use and their awareness on antimicrobial withdrawal period. Seventy egg samples were collected for qualitative antimicrobial drug residues analysis by use of agar well diffusion and Delvotest SP (R) assays. It was found that farmers use antimicrobial drugs as prophylaxis and treatment of common chicken diseases namely fowl typhoid (85%), infectious bursa disease (Gumboro) (65%) infectious coryza (65%), collibacilosis (55%), coccidiosis (54%), Newcastle disease (50%), helminthosis (20%) and fowl pox (15%). Antimicrobials accounted for 85% of the drugs commonly used. It was also found that 65% of the farmers treat their chicken themselves. The common drugs were oxytetracycline (75%), egg booster (50%), amprolium (35%), sulphamethoxypyridazine (35%), sulphanilamide (25%), chlortetracyclines (10%), chloramphenicol (10%), sulphadiazine-trimethoprim (20%), duoxycycline (20%), sulphadiazine (25%) and flumequine (10%). Eighty per cent of the farmers had knowledge on antimicrobial withdrawal period sold eggs before withdrawal period and almost 85% were unaware of possible effects of antimicrobial residues in humans. All 70 eggs were positive to antimicrobial residues by Delvotest kit, but 21.4% positive with agar well diffusion test. It was concluded that the presence of antimicrobial residues in table eggs could be of public health significance to the egg consumers in Morogoro municipality.