On the planning and analysis of Integrated Community Energy Systems: A review and survey of available tools
On the planning and analysis of Integrated Community Energy Systems: A review and survey of available tools
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.067
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发表时间：
2011-12
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
G. Mendes;C. Ioakimidis;P. Ferrão
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Mendes;C. Ioakimidis;P. Ferrão
高度集成的社区能源系统(ICES)在很大程度上但不是完全依赖热电联产(CHP)能源，是有效应对人类面临的一系列新的全球威胁的可行方法，如气候变化、全球变暖和极端贫困。ICE能够向小型社区提供可持续的电力、热力和冷能，并作为并网或孤立的微电网工作，为人们带来技术、经济、环境和社会效益。在当前的配电网络中引入ICES的影响可以在不同的尺度上进行分析，因为它不仅在地方一级而且在区域和全球一级产生了广泛的影响。出于这些原因，越来越需要对ICES进行适当的建模，以便对这些系统进行重要的规划和分析。本文对现有的自下而上的ICES优化规划和分析工具进行了综述。调查表明，DER-CAM可以被认为是ICES设计建模的合适工具，因为它具有健壮而灵活的三级优化算法、每小时时间步长和其他规模考虑因素，特别是由于在微电网系统建模方面的几个成功应用。此外，在扩展环境问题的目标函数以及与电动汽车电池存储相互作用方面也有研究经验。最后，GAMS DER-CAM的基本语言是一个广为人知的包，允许简单而安全地对模型规范进行更改。从这个意义上说，探索这种工具来设计综合经济系统是有潜力的。此外，还发现基于GAMS/CPLEX的工具Markal/Times具有规模灵活性，这使得它能够及时分析ICES的长期部署情况。在这一领域，有机会通过长期的时间范围考虑，进一步探索可持续性--为综合应急系统的最佳设计和部署方案备选方案评估建立健全的模型。
Highly Integrated Community Energy Systems (ICES) greatly but not solely dependent on combined heat and power (CHP) sources are a viable approach for dealing effectively with the new set of global threats which Mankind is facing, such as Climate Change, Global Warming and Extreme Poverty. ICES are capable of delivering sustainable electricity, heat and cold to small communities and of working as grid-connected or islanded microgrids, adding technical, economical, environmental and social benefits to populations. The impacts of introducing ICES in current distribution networks can be analyzed at different scales due to the wide range of influence exerted not only at the local but also at regional and global levels. For these reasons, there is increased need for appropriate modeling of ICES for the vital purposes of planning and analysis of these systems. An overview on the available bottom-up tools for the optimization planning and analysis of ICES is done in this paper. The survey shows that DER-CAM can be considered an appropriate tool for the purpose of ICES design modeling due to the robust and flexible three-level optimization algorithm, hourly time step and other scale considerations but particularly due to the several successful applications with modeling microgrid systems. Additionally there is research experience on expanding the objective function for environmental concerns and also with EV battery storage interactions. Finally, GAMS DER-CAM's base language, is a widely known package for allowing changes to be made in model specifications simply and safely. In that sense, there is potential in exploring such tool for the design of ICES. Furthermore, it is found that MARKAL/TIMES, also a GAMS/CPLEX based tool, has scale flexibility which enables it for analyzing the long-term deployment of ICES in time. There is opportunity in this field for further work exploring the sustainability-sound modeling for optimal design of ICES and deployment scenario options evaluation, through long-term time horizons consideration.