Programmed Morphological Transitions of Multisegment Assemblies by Molecular Chaperone Analogues
Programmed Morphological Transitions of Multisegment Assemblies by Molecular Chaperone Analogues
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.201102364
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
van Esch, Jan H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boekhoven, Job;Brizard, Aurelie M.;van Esch, Jan H.
超分子形态转变在分子生物学的许多过程中具有重要意义。例如，高尔基体双分子层通过与蛋白质外壳、[1]共聚集而不断转化为货物囊泡，也通过与伴侣蛋白共聚集而使蛋白质折叠和展开。在后一种情况下，伴侣有选择地关闭蛋白质部分的自组装，从而控制它们的结构和功能这种策略可用于智能材料的开发，其中外部触发器诱导形态转变，改变材料的宏观特性。利用共聚集诱导形态转变确实已经成功地应用于人工系统，从而导致智能材料的发展。到目前为止，主要的策略是改变表面活性剂[3]的填充参数，导致结构形状概念的形态变化。在此策略下，通过添加三甲基苯诱导了囊泡向六方相的转变，通过添加离子[5]和其他添加剂[6]诱导了球体向棒状到管状的转变。其他诱导形态变化的策略也被应用，例如，使用双组分凝胶体系或构建块的光异构化虽然在所有情况下，这些形态转变的机制都很好地理解，但结果很难预测。因此，在初始构建块中对这种过渡的结果进行编程仍然是一个挑战，这对于使用这种方法制作智能材料是必要的。
Supramolecular morphological transitions are of great importance in many processes in molecular biology. The Golgi apparatus bilayer, for instance, constantly transforms into cargo vesicles mediated by coaggregation with protein coats,[1] but also proteins fold and unfold by coaggregation with chaperone proteins. In the latter case, chaperones selectively switch off the self-assembly of parts of the protein, thereby controlling their structure and function.[2] Such a strategy can be of use for the development of smart materials, in which an external trigger induces a morphological transition, altering the macroscopic properties of the material. The use of coaggregation to induce morphological transitions has indeed been applied successfully to artificial systems, hence leading to the development of smart materials. The main strategy so far is to alter the packing parameter of a surfactant [3] leading to morphological changes following the structure–shape concept. By this strategy, the transition of vesicles to hexagonal phases by the addition of trimethylbenzene,[4] the conversions of spheres into rods into tubes by addition of ions [5] as well as other additives [6] have been induced. Other strategies to induce morphological changes have also been applied, for example, the use of twocomponent gel systems [7] or photoisomerization of the building block.[8] Although in all cases the mechanisms of these morphological transitions are well understood, the outcome can be hard to predict. Therefore, it remains a challenge to program the outcome of such transitions within the initial building block, which is necessary to use this approach for smart materials.