Review on laser drilling I. Fundamentals, modeling, and simulation
Review on laser drilling I. Fundamentals, modeling, and simulation
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DOI：
10.2351/1.4773837
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Poprawe, Reinhart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schulz, Wolfgang;Eppelt, Urs;Poprawe, Reinhart
多年来，高峰值功率激光一直被用于烧蚀物质。这一过程最相关的应用是激光打标。虽然消融质量有进一步提高的潜力，但标记满足了应用的要求。然而，烧蚀过程的定性结果，特别是高效地去除液体中的物质，如钻探，并没有达到替代过程的标准--后者只在壁龛中才是这样。另一方面，超快激光在ps或更低的脉冲范围内烧蚀，由于缺乏平均功率，在几何精度方面可能满足质量要求，但对于经济可行的应用来说，速度太慢。事实上，这两个过程领域都得到了实质性的发展，从而导致了使它们为工业创新做好准备的技术水平。在一系列关于激光打孔的三篇文章中-从基础到应用技术-总结了十多年来研究和开发的结果，目的是展示这种激光加工的光明应用前景。本文第一部分介绍激光打孔的基本原理、建模和仿真。第二部分涉及处理技术，而第三部分则专门介绍系统和应用技术。基础、建模和模拟：从飞秒脉冲到单位S脉冲的理论分析涉及三个输入：数值模拟、相关的解析建模，以及作为理解的重要输入的过程分析。由实验输入指导的模型的减少导致了对过程的描述和知识，这允许从战略上改进适用性。因此，可以得出加工策略，以满足与无需重铸的表面形状和精度相关的应用挑战以及对高速加工的经济需求。区分了“冷烧蚀”、“热烧蚀”和“熔融排出”三个领域。特别是对钻机合拢前重铸的形成情况进行了量化。根据最先进的建模和模拟技术针对个别应用定制工艺参数，可实现完善的创新和更短的创新周期。(C)2013年美国激光学会。
High peak power lasers have been used for years for ablating matter. The most relevant application of this process is laser marking. Marking meets the demands of applications although the quality of ablation has potential to be further improved. However, the qualitative results of the ablation process especially for highly efficient removal of matter in the liquid phase like drilling have not met the standards of alternative processes-the latter is only the case in niches. On the other hand, the ablation by ultrafast lasers in the pulse regime of ps or below, which might meet the quality demands in terms of geometric precision, was too slow for economically feasible application because of the lack of average power. In fact, both process domains have been developed substantially and thus lead to a technological level which make them ready for industrial innovations. In a series of three articles on laser drilling-from fundamentals to application technology-the results of more than a decade of research and development are summarized with the purpose of displaying the bright application future of this laser process. This present part I deals with fundamentals, modeling, and simulation of laser drilling. Part II covers processing techniques, whereas part III is dedicated to systems and application technology. Fundamentals, modeling, and simulation: Theoretical analysis of the process from fs- to mu s-pulses involves three inputs: numerical simulation, relevant analytic modeling, and as an important input for understanding, process analysis. The reduction of the models guided by experimental input leads to descriptions and knowledge of the process, which allows for strategic improvement of the applicability. As a consequence, process strategies can be derived, meeting the challenges of the application related to shape and accuracy of the surface free of recast as well as the economical demand for high speed processing. The domains of "cold ablation," "hot ablation," and "melt expulsion" are differentiated. Especially, the formation of recast up to closure of the drill is quantified. Tailoring the process parameters toward the individual application according to the know-how reached by the state of the art modeling and simulation leads to sound innovations and shorter innovation cycles. (C) 2013 Laser Institute of America.