Structure and Composition of the Plate-Boundary Slip Zone for the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake
Structure and Composition of the Plate-Boundary Slip Zone for the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1243719
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发表时间：
2013-12-06
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Toczko, Sean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chester, Frederick M.;Rowe, Christie;Toczko, Sean
大俯冲地震的机制受板块边界断层的摩擦特性、构造和组成的影响。本文介绍了综合海洋钻探计划远征343号和343T号钻探钻孔对2011年东北-冲地震和海啸的浅源断层的结构和组成的观测结果。随钻测井和岩心样品观测表明，一个主要的板块边界断层容纳了东北-冲地震破裂的大滑动，以及钻探地点几乎所有的累积板块间运动。形变定位于有限厚度（小于5米）的远洋粘土上是浅层地震断层的定义特征，表明远洋粘土可能是区域性海啸地震的重要控制因素。
The mechanics of great subduction earthquakes are influenced by the frictional properties, structure, and composition of the plate-boundary fault. We present observations of the structure and composition of the shallow source fault of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and tsunami from boreholes drilled by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343 and 343T. Logging-while-drilling and core-sample observations show a single major plate-boundary fault accommodated the large slip of the Tohoku-Oki earthquake rupture, as well as nearly all the cumulative interplate motion at the drill site. The localization of deformation onto a limited thickness (less than 5 meters) of pelagic clay is the defining characteristic of the shallow earthquake fault, suggesting that the pelagic clay may be a regionally important control on tsunamigenic earthquakes.