COLD-LABILE AND COLD-STABLE MICROTUBULES IN MITOTIC SPINDLE OF MAMMALIAN-CELLS
COLD-LABILE AND COLD-STABLE MICROTUBULES IN MITOTIC SPINDLE OF MAMMALIAN-CELLS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb19218.x
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发表时间：
1975-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
CARTWRIGHT, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BRINKLEY, BR;CARTWRIGHT, J
微管对各种化学和物理试剂的不稳定性在许多植物和动物细胞中已被广泛记录。某些微管可能会被秋水仙碱、长春花生物碱、静水压力或低温等试剂完全破坏，而同一细胞环境中的其他微管则保持完整。在早期的研究中，Behnke和Forer根据秋水仙素、胰蛋白酶和低温对微管的破坏，确定了昆虫精子细胞中的四类微管。随后，在其他精子细胞中也报道了类似的观察结果。7. Tihey和GibbinsZG观察到各种抗有丝分裂剂对海胆原肠胚细胞质和纤毛微管的不同影响。轴丝内A和B亚小管的溶解度差异也是众所周知的。[24]许多研究者已经报道了低温对有丝分裂纺锤体的破坏性影响，但是还没有报道对纺锤体纤维的不同影响。Inou6首次观察到冷对活细胞有丝分裂过程的影响。101 l1纺锤体双折射的快速但可逆的损失是明显的，当海洋卵受到低温。最近，Sat？已经提供了定量的证据，纺锤体双折射是由于很大程度上，如果不是全部，微管。因此，由于冷而导致的双折射损失将表明纺锤体内的微管完全破坏。Roth进一步证实了InouC的观察结果，？他观察到巨大变形虫在冷处理后纺锤体微管的普遍破坏。我们实验室利用哺乳动物细胞的电子显微镜研究表明，有丝分裂器（MA）的某些微管比其他微管更耐冷破坏。在本研究中，我们报告直接微管计数从成纤维细胞的细胞，大鼠袋鼠（株PtK，）在中期，后期和末期，使用横向连续切片分析中所描述的早期研究。图4在37 ℃下生长的细胞与在冰浴中冷却30分钟的细胞的纺锤体微管轮廓的比较
The lability of microtubules to a variety of chemical and physical agents has been extensively documented in numerous plant and animal cells. Some microtubules may be completely disrupted by such agents as colchicine, vinca alkaloids, hydrostatic pressure, or cold temperatures, whereas other tubules within the same cellular environment remain intact. In an earlier study, Behnke and Forer identified four classes of microtubules in insect spermatids based on their disruption by colchicine, trypsin, and cold temperatures. Subsequently, similar observations were reported in other spermatids. 7. Tihey and GibbinsZG observed differential effects of a variety of antimitotic agents on cytoplasmic and ciliary microtubules of sea urchin gastrulae. Differences in solubility of A and B subtubules within the axoneme have also been well known. 24The disruptive effects of cold temperatures on the mitotic spindle have been reported by numerous investigators, but there have been no reports of differential effects on spindle fibers. The first observation of cold on the mitotic process in living cells was provided by Inou6. 101 l1 Rapid but reversible loss of spindle birefringence was apparent when marine eggs were subjected to cold temperatures. More recently, Sat0?? has provided quantitative evidence that spindle birefringence is due largely, if not entirely, to microtubules. Therefore, the loss of birefringence due to cold would suggest complete disruption of microtubules within the spindle. Further confirmation of InouC's observation was provided by Roth,? O who observed general disruption of spindle microtubules of the giant amoeba after cold treatment. Electron microscopic studies in our laboratory utilizing mammalian cells have indicated that certain microtubules of the mitotic apparatus (MA) are more resistant to cold disruption than are others. In the present study we report on direct microtubule counts from fibroblast of the cells of rat kangaroo (strain PtK,) at metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, using transverse serial-section analysis as described in an earlier study. 4 Comparison of spindle microtubule profiles of cells grown at 37 C with cells chilled for 30 min in an ice bath