Water and Sanitation-Related Diseases and the Changing Environment - Challenges, Interventions, and Preventive Measures
Water and Sanitation-Related Diseases and the Changing Environment - Challenges, Interventions, and Preventive Measures
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与水和卫生设施相关的疾病以及不断变化的环境 - 挑战、干预措施和预防措施
DOI：
10.1002/9781119415961.ch12
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Harding-Esch E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Harding-Esch E
沙眼由沙眼衣原体的眼部感染引起，是最常见的致盲传染病，影响着世界上最贫穷和最脆弱的人群。睫毛接触眼球（倒睫）以及沙眼导致的视力下降和失明每年造成的生产力损失高达80亿美元，而消除这种疾病作为公共卫生问题将花费约10亿美元。世界卫生组织认可的多方面战略，即到2020年消除沙眼这一公共卫生问题，被称为“安全”。截至2017年12月，5个国家已被正式确认为已消除沙眼这一公共卫生问题，另有6个国家报告已实现消除目标。实施SAFE战略，结合全球沙眼测绘项目等新举措以及与其他被忽视的热带疾病相结合，意味着只要有持续的政治意愿和公共卫生支持，消除这种使人衰弱的致盲原因是可以实现的。
Trachoma, caused by ocular infection with the bacteriumChlamydia trachomatis, is the most common infectious cause of blindness, affecting the world's poorest and most vulnerable populations. In‐turned eyelashes touching the eyeball (trichiasis) and reduced vision and blindness due to trachoma cost up to US$8 billion in annual productivity losses, whereas elimination of this disease as a public health problem would cost approximately US$1 billion. The World Health Organization‐endorsed, multifaceted, strategy for the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem by the year 2020 is known as “SAFE.” As of December 2017, five countries had been officially validated as having eliminated trachoma as a public health problem, and a further six countries had reported achieving the elimination targets. Implementation of the SAFE strategy, combined with novel initiatives such as the Global Trachoma Mapping Project and integration with other Neglected Tropical Diseases, means that elimination of this debilitating cause of blindness is within reach, provided there is continued political will and public health support.