Aerobic biodegradation of organic compounds in hydraulic fracturing fluids
Aerobic biodegradation of organic compounds in hydraulic fracturing fluids
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DOI：
10.1007/s10532-015-9733-6
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Mouser, Paula J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kekacs, Daniel;Drollette, Brian D.;Mouser, Paula J.
对于在自然环境中为水力压裂而产生的化学混合物的衰减知之甚少。合成水力压裂液由公开的工业配方开发，并使用Marcellus页岩油田工作人员使用的商业添加剂生产用于实验室实验。实验采用了国际公认的标准方法（经合组织301 A），以评估好氧生物降解潜力的流体混合物，通过监测去除溶解有机碳（DOC）从水溶液中的活性污泥和湖水微生物财团为两个底物浓度和四个盐度。微生物降解在6.5天内去除了57%到90%以上的DOC，在更稀的浓度下具有更高的去除效率，污泥和湖泊微生物处理之间的总体去除程度差异不大。醇类、异丙醇和辛醇被降解到低于检测限的水平，而溶剂丙酮在生物处理中随着时间的推移而积累。在用合成水力压裂液培养的前6.5天内，40 g/L或更高的盐度浓度完全抑制了降解，即使群落预先适应了盐。最初，不同的微生物群落成为占主导地位的16 S rRNA序列与假单胞菌属和其他假单胞菌科培养后，与合成压裂液，类群，这可能涉及丙酮的生产。这些数据扩大了我们的理解，在有氧条件下的水力压裂液中的有机化合物的生物降解潜力的限制，如果他们意外释放到地表沃茨和浅层土壤。[图形]。
Little is known of the attenuation of chemical mixtures created for hydraulic fracturing within the natural environment. A synthetic hydraulic fracturing fluid was developed from disclosed industry formulas and produced for laboratory experiments using commercial additives in use by Marcellus shale field crews. The experiments employed an internationally accepted standard method (OECD 301A) to evaluate aerobic biodegradation potential of the fluid mixture by monitoring the removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from an aqueous solution by activated sludge and lake water microbial consortia for two substrate concentrations and four salinities. Microbial degradation removed from 57 % to more than 90 % of added DOC within 6.5 days, with higher removal efficiency at more dilute concentrations and little difference in overall removal extent between sludge and lake microbe treatments. The alcohols isopropanol and octanol were degraded to levels below detection limits while the solvent acetone accumulated in biological treatments through time. Salinity concentrations of 40 g/L or more completely inhibited degradation during the first 6.5 days of incubation with the synthetic hydraulic fracturing fluid even though communities were pre-acclimated to salt. Initially diverse microbial communities became dominated by 16S rRNA sequences affiliated with Pseudomonas and other Pseudomonadaceae after incubation with the synthetic fracturing fluid, taxa which may be involved in acetone production. These data expand our understanding of constraints on the biodegradation potential of organic compounds in hydraulic fracturing fluids under aerobic conditions in the event that they are accidentally released to surface waters and shallow soils.[GRAPHICS].