Modeling the Oceanic General Circulation
Modeling the Oceanic General Circulation
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.fl.28.010196.001243
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
27.7
通讯作者：
J. McWilliams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. McWilliams
本文回顾了平衡表面风应力和浮力通量强迫下海洋大气环流的相对全面的数值模式的历史，制定和解决方案的行为。模型制定的问题是习惯和替代动力学近似的基本流体动力学，参数化的基本过程，发生在空间和时间尺度小于可以解决的模型计算，边界和初始条件，域的几何形状，和数值算法。这里讨论的解决方案的功能是风和浮力驱动的横向环流在封闭的盆地，主要是纵向电流赤道附近和南极洲周围，翻转环流，化学性质分布，以及强制和自发变量的时间平均环流，发生与中尺度和大尺度流结构。
This article reviews the history, formulation, and solution behavior of relatively comprehensive numerical models for the oceanic general circulation under equilibrium surface wind stress and buoyancy flux forcing. The issues of model formulation are both the customary and alternative dynamical approximations of the fundamental fluid dynamics, the parameterization of essential processes that occur on spatial and temporal scales smaller than can be resolved in model calculations, the boundary and initial conditions, the domain geometry, and the numerical algorithms. The solution features discussed here are the wind- and buoyancy-driven lateral gyres in enclosed basins, the mostly longitudinal currents near the equator and around Antarctica, the overturning circulations, the chemical property distributions, and both forced and spontaneous variabitions about the time-mean circulation, occurring with both meso- and large-scale flow structures.