Genome and transcriptome analyses of the mountain pine beetle-fungal symbiont Grosmannia clavigera, a lodgepole pine pathogen
Genome and transcriptome analyses of the mountain pine beetle-fungal symbiont Grosmannia clavigera, a lodgepole pine pathogen
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1011289108
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发表时间：
2011-02-08
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Breuil, Colette
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DiGuistini, Scott;Wang, Ye;Breuil, Colette
在北美西部，目前山松甲虫（MPB）及其微生物的爆发已经摧毁了大面积的黑松林，包括不列颠哥伦比亚省的1600多万公顷。Grosmannia clavigera（Gc）是此次爆发的关键组成部分，是MPB的共生体和松树的病原体。为了更好地了解Gc，MPB和黑松宿主之间的相互作用，我们对类似于30-Mb的Gc基因组进行测序，并将其组装成18个超重叠群。我们预测了8，314个蛋白质编码基因，并使用蛋白质组，表达序列标签和RNA-seq数据支持基因模型。我们确定GC是异宗配合的，并报告重复诱导点突变的证据。我们报告的见解，从基因组和转录组分析，如何GC容忍针叶树防御化学品，包括油树脂萜类化合物，因为他们殖民宿主树。RNA-seq数据表明，萜类化合物在Gc中诱导了大量的抗微生物胁迫，并表明真菌可以通过使用这些化学物质作为碳源来解毒。萜类化合物处理强烈激活了Gc基因组中类似于100 kb的区域，该区域包含一组可能对这些宿主防御化学物质的解毒很重要的基因。这项工作是朝着了解三方MPB/真菌/森林系统之间的生物相互作用迈出的重要一步。
In western North America, the current outbreak of the mountain pine beetle (MPB) and its microbial associates has destroyed wide areas of lodgepole pine forest, including more than 16 million hectares in British Columbia. Grosmannia clavigera (Gc), a critical component of the outbreak, is a symbiont of the MPB and a pathogen of pine trees. To better understand the interactions between Gc, MPB, and lodgepole pine hosts, we sequenced the similar to 30-Mb Gc genome and assembled it into 18 supercontigs. We predict 8,314 protein-coding genes, and support the gene models with pro-teome, expressed sequence tag, and RNA-seq data. We establish that Gc is heterothallic, and report evidence for repeat-induced point mutation. We report insights, from genome and transcriptome analyses, into how Gc tolerates conifer-defense chemicals, including oleoresin terpenoids, as they colonize a host tree. RNA-seq data indicate that terpenoids induce a substantial antimicrobial stress in Gc, and suggest that the fungus may detoxify these chemicals by using them as a carbon source. Terpenoid treatment strongly activated a similar to 100-kb region of the Gc genome that contains a set of genes that may be important for detoxification of these host-defense chemicals. This work is a major step toward understanding the biological interactions between the tripartite MPB/fungus/forest system.