Microbiological effectiveness of locally produced ceramic filters for drinking water treatment in Cambodia
Microbiological effectiveness of locally produced ceramic filters for drinking water treatment in Cambodia
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DOI：
10.2166/wh.2009.007
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Sobsey, Mark D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, Joe;Sobsey, Mark D.
柬埔寨政府和在柬埔寨工作的非政府组织正在探索在家庭一级处理饮用水的低成本选择，柬埔寨许多人无法获得改善的饮用水源，肠道疾病是5岁以下儿童死亡的最普遍原因。陶瓷净水器（CWP）是一种当地生产的低成本陶瓷过滤器，目前正在由几个非政府组织实施，估计该国有10万多个家庭现在使用它们进行饮用水处理。使用加标大肠杆菌和噬菌体MS 2的代表性柬埔寨饮用水源（雨水和地表水），对两种候选过滤器进行了检测，以减少水传播病原体的细菌和病毒替代物。结果表明，过滤器能够减少实验室中的关键微生物，平均减少E。在>600升的处理量上，噬菌体的平均减少率为90-99%。在使用AgNO 3修正剂的过滤器中未观察到有效性增加。当地生产的陶瓷过滤器价格低于10美元，可能是家庭一级饮用水处理和安全储存的一个有前途的选择。
Low-cost options for the treatment of drinking water at the household level are being explored by the Cambodian government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working in Cambodia, where many lack access to improved drinking water sources and diarrhoeal diseases are the most prevalent cause of death in children under 5 years of age. The ceramic water purifier (CWP), a locally produced, low-cost ceramic filter, is now being implemented by several NGOs, and an estimated 100,000 + households in the country now use them for drinking water treatment. Two candidate filters were tested for the reduction of bacterial and viral surrogates for waterborne pathogens using representative Cambodian drinking water sources (rainwater and surface water) spiked with Escherichia coli and bacteriophage MS2. Results indicate that filters were capable of reducing key microbes in the laboratory with mean reductions of E. coli of approximately 99% and mean reduction of bacteriophages of 90-99% over >600 litres throughput. Increased effectiveness was not observed in filters with an AgNO3 amendment. At under US$10 per filter, locally produced ceramic filters may be a promising option for drinking water treatment and safe storage at the household level.