CHILDREN EXPOSED TO DISASTER .2. RISK-FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF POSTTRAUMATIC SYMPTOMATOLOGY
CHILDREN EXPOSED TO DISASTER .2. RISK-FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF POSTTRAUMATIC SYMPTOMATOLOGY
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DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199401000-00013
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发表时间：
1994-01-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
SALLEE, FR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LONIGAN, CJ;SHANNON, MP;SALLEE, FR
目的：目的：探讨灾难暴露儿童的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状和综合征的发生与受试者和暴露变量的关系。方法：飓风雨果三个月后，5，687名学龄儿童接受了关于他们对飓风的经历和反应的调查。通过使用PTSD反应指数获得PTSD症状的自我报告。结果如下：创伤后应激障碍症状的存在与儿童报告的飓风严重程度、持续的房屋破坏程度和持续的流离失所密切相关;然而，儿童的特质焦虑水平和他们报告的飓风期间的情绪反应与创伤后应激障碍症状的存在比暴露因素更密切相关。不同的风险因素对DSM-III-R PTSD症状群的发展有不同的影响。几乎没有证据表明女性和男性之间的风险因素的差异影响，年轻和年长的children was found. Conclusions：特质焦虑的水平似乎是单一的最强的风险严重的创伤后反应的发展。女性和幼儿创伤后症状发生率较高，加上对风险因素没有不同的反应，这表明女性和幼儿更有可能在灾难发生后产生创伤后反应。
Objective: To examine the influence of subject and exposure variables on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and syndrome in children exposed to disaster. Method: Three months after Hurricane Hugo, 5,687 school-aged children were surveyed about their experiences and reactions to the hurricane. Self-reports of PTSD symptoms were obtained by use of a PTSD Reaction Index. Results: The presence of PTSD symptoms was strongly related to children's reported severity of the hurricane, degree of home damage sustained, and continued displacement; however, children's level of trait anxiety and their reported emotional reactivity during the hurricane were more strongly related to the presence of PTSD symptoms than were the exposure factors. Different sets of risk factors appeared to differentially influence the development of the three DSM-III-R PTSD symptom clusters. Little evidence for a differential effect of the risk factors between females and males and younger and older children was found. Conclusions: Level of trait anxiety appears to be the single strongest risk for the development of severe post-traumatic reactions. The higher rate of post-traumatic symptoms in females and younger children in combination with the absence of differential reaction to the risk factors suggests that females and younger children are more likely to develop posttraumatic reactions following a disaster.