Host-Protozoan Interactions Protect from Mucosal Infections through Activation of the Inflammasome.

Host-Protozoan Interactions Protect from Mucosal Infections through Activation of the Inflammasome.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2016.08.076
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发表时间:
2016-10-06
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Merad, Miriam
Merad, Miriam
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chudnovskiy, Aleksey;Mortha, Arthur;Kana, Veronika;Kennard, Andrea;Ramirez, Juan David;Rahman, Adeeb;Remark, Romain;Mogno, Ilaria;Ng, Ruby;Gnjatic, Sasha;Amir, El-ad David;Solovyov, Alexander;Greenbaum, Benjamin;Clemente, Jose;Faith, Jeremiah;Belkaid, Yasmine;Grigg, Michael E.;Merad, Miriam

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While conventional pathogenic protists have been extensively studied, there is an underappreciated constitutive protist microbiota that is an integral part of the vertebrate microbiome. The impact of these species on the host and their potential contributions to mucosal immune homeostasis remain poorly studied. Here, we show that the protozoan Tritrichomonas musculis activates the host epithelial inflammasome to induce IL-18 release. Epithelial-derived IL-18 promotes dendritic cell-driven Th1 and Th17 immunity and confers dramatic protection from mucosal bacterial infections. Along with its role as a “protistic” antibiotic, colonization with T. musculis exacerbates the development of T cell driven colitis and sporadic colorectal tumors. Our findings demonstrate a novel mutualistic host-protozoan interaction that increases mucosal host defenses at the cost of an increased risk of inflammatory disease.
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