Agent Focus in Mayan Languages
Agent Focus in Mayan Languages
复制标题
玛雅语言中的代理焦点
DOI：
10.1007/s11049-005-0539-9
复制
发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
B. Stiebels
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Stiebels
玛雅语言的一个子集使用特定的动词形式，如果一个及物动词的主语要被关注、质疑或相对化；这种形式使动词在形态上不及物，但在语义上不及物，在玛雅主义者中被称为“代理焦点”。各自的玛雅语言在代理焦点的形态语法实现上有所不同，即协议模式、内部参数的标记和代理焦点发生的上下文。本文的目标是提供一种词汇方法，通过一组小的忠诚和标记约束来解释跨玛雅的变化。有人提出，智能体焦点标记作为消歧义的一种手段（通过双向优化）而出现，并被语法化，从而将其扩展到不需要它的上下文中，甚至在论点的__ -特征（人和数）的可见性方面适得其反。
A subset of the Mayan languages makes use of a specific verb form if the subject of a transitive verb is to be focused, questioned or relativized; this form, which renders the verb morphologically intransitive, though semantically transitive, is called ‘agent focus’ among Mayanists. The respective Mayan languages differ in the morphosyntactic implementation of agent focus, i.e. the agreement patterns, the marking of the internal argument and the contexts in which agent focus occurs. The goal of this paper is to provide a lexical approach that accounts for the cross-Mayan variation by means of a small set of faithfulness and markedness constraints. It is proposed that the agent focus marker emerged as a means of disambiguation (by Bidirectional Optimization) and was grammaticalized, thus extending it to contexts where it is not needed and is even counterproductive in terms of the visibility of the arguments’ φ-features (person and number).