Probe technologies for clean sampling and measurement of subglacial lakes.
Probe technologies for clean sampling and measurement of subglacial lakes.
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用于冰下湖泊清洁采样和测量的探针技术。
DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2015.0267
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mowlem M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mowlem M
4年前，冰下湖泊社区公布了访问、采样、测量和研究原始的、迄今为止神秘的、非常不同的南极冰下湖泊沃斯托克、惠兰和埃尔斯沃思的计划。本文总结了为这些冰下环境设计的对比探针技术，并简要更新了这些设计与以前公布的计划相比的变化或使用方式。详细更新的最后工程设计和技术方面的探头冰下湖埃尔斯沃思。该探头设计用于清洁进入，具有负浮力（350 kg），长5.2 m，直径200 mm，近似圆柱形，由五个主要单元组成：（i）连接到光电传导系绳的上部电力和通信单元，（ii）-（iv）三个水和颗粒采样器，以及（v）传感器，成像和仪器包，顶端装有微型沉积物取样器。迄今为止，只有在冰下湖Whillans已成功部署的仪器。由于技术原因，没有在冰下沃斯托克湖（2014/15年）和埃尔斯沃思湖（2012/13年）部署探测技术，埃尔斯沃思湖的情况是，在野外季节窗口期间，热水钻井无法进入湖泊。在未来的冰下访问任务的探测技术的经验教训和机会进行了讨论。
It is 4 years since the subglacial lake community published its plans for accessing, sampling, measuring and studying the pristine, and hitherto enigmatic and very different, Antarctic subglacial lakes, Vostok, Whillans and Ellsworth. This paper summarizes the contrasting probe technologies designed for each of these subglacial environments and briefly updates how these designs changed or were used differently when compared to previously published plans. A detailed update on the final engineering design and technical aspects of the probe for Subglacial Lake Ellsworth is presented. This probe is designed for clean access, is negatively buoyant (350 kg), 5.2 m long, 200 mm in diameter, approximately cylindrical and consists of five major units: (i) an upper power and communications unit attached to an optical and electrical conducting tether, (ii)–(iv) three water and particle samplers, and (v) a sensors, imaging and instrumentation pack tipped with a miniature sediment corer. To date, only in Subglacial Lake Whillans have instruments been successfully deployed. Probe technologies for Subglacial Lake Vostok (2014/15) and Lake Ellsworth (2012/13) were not deployed for technical reasons, in the case of Lake Ellsworth because hot-water drilling was unable to access the lake during the field season window. Lessons learned and opportunities for probe technologies in future subglacial access missions are discussed.