Addressing Ebola-related stigma: lessons learned from HIV/AIDS.
Addressing Ebola-related stigma: lessons learned from HIV/AIDS.
复制标题
解决与埃博拉相关的污名：从艾滋病毒/艾滋病中学到的教训。
DOI：
10.3402/gha.v7.26058
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Folayan MO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davtyan M;Brown B;Folayan MO
艾滋病毒/艾滋病和埃博拉病毒病是与严重的社会耻辱有关的当代流行病，受影响的社区遭受社会排斥、暴力和生活质量下降。比较和对比与艾滋病毒/艾滋病和埃博拉病毒病有关的耻辱，并从战略上思考如何将从艾滋病毒耻辱中吸取的经验教训应用于当前的埃博拉病毒病流行病。为了确定与HIV/AIDS和EVD相关耻辱相关的文章，我们使用多个搜索引擎进行了广泛的文献综述。PubMed被用来搜索相关的同行评议的期刊文章，谷歌被用来搜索在线来源。我们还查阅了世界卫生组织(WHO)、疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)和国家卫生研究院(National Institutes Of Health)的网站，以检索有关埃博拉病毒和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的最新信息。针对埃博拉病毒携带者的许多污名化态度和行为与艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者极为相似，但也有值得讨论的重大差异。这两种疾病都危及生命，目前还没有药物治疗。此外，有关受影响群体和传播方式的错误信息十分猖獗。与埃博拉病毒携带者不同，历史上被定罪和被边缘化的人群感染艾滋病毒的风险高得不成比例。此外，与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相比，埃博拉病毒病造成的死亡发生的时间跨度更短。耻辱扰乱了生活质量，无论它与艾滋病毒感染还是埃博拉病毒感染有关。在处理埃博拉病毒病时，我们必须超越直接的临床治疗反应，考虑血清治疗可能对艾滋病毒的影响。出现了与埃博拉病毒感染相关的耻辱和与埃博拉病毒和艾滋病毒感染相关的双重耻辱的社会关切。借鉴艾滋病毒的经验教训，我们必须努力增强和动员社区知名人士、疾病康复者和在基层工作的组织传播关于埃博拉病毒传播和预防的明确和准确的信息，同时促进在这一过程中减少耻辱。从长远来看，教育、预防和治疗性疫苗将是减少与埃博拉病毒病和艾滋病毒相关的耻辱的最佳解决方案。
HIV/AIDS and Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) are contemporary epidemics associated with significant social stigma in which communities affected suffer from social rejection, violence, and diminished quality of life. To compare and contrast stigma related to HIV/AIDS and EVD, and strategically think how lessons learned from HIV stigma can be applied to the current EVD epidemic. To identify relevant articles about HIV/AIDS and EVD-related stigma, we conducted an extensive literature review using multiple search engines. PubMed was used to search for relevant peer-reviewed journal articles and Google for online sources. We also consulted the websites of the World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the National Institutes of Health to retrieve up-to-date information about EVD and HIV/AIDS. Many stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors directed towards those with EVD are strikingly similar to those with HIV/AIDS but there are significant differences worthy of discussion. Both diseases are life-threatening and there is no medical cure. Additionally misinformation about affected groups and modes of transmission runs rampant. Unlike in persons with EVD, historically criminalized and marginalized populations carry a disproportionately higher risk for HIV infection. Moreover, mortality due to EVD occurs within a shorter time span as compared to HIV/AIDS. Stigma disrupts quality of life, whether it is associated with HIV infection or EVD. When addressing EVD, we must think beyond the immediate clinical therapeutic response, to possible HIV implications of serum treatment. There are emerging social concerns of stigma associated with EVD infection and double stigma associated with EVD and HIV infection. Drawing upon lessons learned from HIV, we must work to empower and mobilize prominent members of the community, those who recovered from the disease, and organizations working at the grassroots level to disseminate clear and accurate information about EVD transmission and prevention while promoting stigma reduction in the process. In the long run, education, prevention, and a therapeutic vaccine will be the optimal solutions for reducing the stigma associated with both EVD and HIV.