Associations between objective measures of physical activity, sleep and stress levels among preschool children
Associations between objective measures of physical activity, sleep and stress levels among preschool children
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DOI：
10.1186/s12887-020-02108-7
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发表时间：
2020-05-27
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Heitmann, Berit L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eythorsdottir, Dagny Y.;Frederiksen, Peder;Heitmann, Berit L.
背景皮质醇通常被用作压力的生物标志物。当在尿液或血清中进行测量（代表激素的短期测量）时，它与不利的睡眠特征以及低和高的体力活动水平有关。然而，头发中的皮质醇代表了一种长期的压力指标，并被认为是一种有前途的慢性压力新标志物。因此，我们旨在研究学龄前儿童客观测量的睡眠、体力活动和头发皮质醇水平之间的关联。方法为了获得体力活动和睡眠习惯的客观测量，54名2-6岁的儿童连续5个昼夜佩戴ActiGraph。为了对每个孩子进行慢性压力测量，从靠近头皮的后脑勺剪下头发，以分析皮质醇水平。使用线性回归分析估计测量的睡眠质量和数量以及体力活动水平和头发皮质醇水平之间的关联，以β表示。结果根据性别、年龄和 BMI z 分数进行了调整。结果我们发现对数转换皮质醇 (pg/mg) 与睡眠持续时间（小时）（beta=-0.0016，p=0.99）、睡眠效率（beta=-3.1，p=0.18）、睡眠潜伏期（beta=0.015，p=0.16）或体力活动水平（每分钟 100 次）（beta =0.014，p=0.22）。然而，睡眠潜伏期（分钟）与身体活动（每分钟计数）水平直接相关（β=35.2，p=0.02），而睡眠持续时间（小时）（β=-142.1，p=0.55）和睡眠效率（%）（β=-4087，p=0.26）没有显着关联。结论在我们的研究中，高身体活动水平与较差的睡眠习惯相关。睡眠质量和体力活动都与长期接触皮质醇无关。这些结果是首次研究学龄前儿童客观测量的睡眠、身体活动和慢性皮质醇水平之间的关联。因此需要更多、更大规模的研究。
BackgroundCortisol is often used as a biological marker for stress. When measured in urine or serum, representing a short-term measurement of the hormone, it has been associated with unfavorable sleep characteristics and both low and high physical activity levels. However, cortisol in hair represents a long-term stress measure and has been suggested as a promising new marker for chronic stress. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between objectively measured sleep, physical activity and hair cortisol levels in preschool children.MethodsIn order to obtain objective measures of physical activity and sleep habits, 54 children aged 2-6years wore an ActiGraph for 5 consecutive days and nights. For chronic stress measurements of each child, hair was cut from the back of the head close to the scalp for analysis of cortisol levels. Associations between measured sleep quality and quantity and level of physical activity and hair cortisol levels were estimated using linear regression analysis, presented as beta. Results were adjusted for sex, age and BMI z-score.ResultsWe found no significant association between log-transformed cortisol (pg/mg) and sleep duration (hours) (beta=-0.0016, p=0.99), sleep efficiency (beta=-3.1, p=0.18), sleep latency (beta =0.015, p=0.16) or physical activity level (100 counts per min) (beta =0.014, p=0.22). However, sleep latency (min) was directly associated with physical activity (counts per min) levels (beta =35.2, p=0.02), while sleep duration (hours) (beta=-142.1, p=0.55) and sleep efficiency (%) (beta=-4087, p=0.26) showed no significant associations.ConclusionsIn our study, a high physical activity level was associated with poorer sleep habits. Neither sleep quality nor physical activity were related to long term cortisol exposure. These results are among the first to study associations between objectively measured sleep, physical activity and chronic cortisol levels among preschool children. More and larger studies are therefore needed.