Do people recognise mental illness?: Factors influencing mental health literacy
Do people recognise mental illness?: Factors influencing mental health literacy
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DOI：
10.1007/s00406-003-0439-0
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Rössler, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lauber, C;Nordt, C;Rössler, W
精神卫生素养被定义为公众对精神障碍的知识和信念，从而提高识别特定疾病的能力。首先，确定公众是否认识到小插图中描绘的人是精神病患者还是正在经历危机。其次，揭示影响正确认知的因素。方法对瑞士844例代表性人群抽样进行的民意调查进行多元logistic回归分析。结果：39.8%的受访者正确识别了抑郁症的小插图，而60.2%的受访者认为被描述的人有“危机”。73.6%的受访者正确识别了精神分裂症的小插曲。对精神药理学的积极态度正影响对两个小片段的认识，而对社区精神病学的积极态度则相反。此外，对于抑郁症小插曲，以前接触过精神疾病患者对认知有积极的影响。相反，对于精神分裂症的小插曲，对大众媒体的刻板和兴趣分别产生了负面影响。结论精神障碍，特别是抑郁症的知识水平较低，证实了提高心理健康素养的重要性和必要性。此外，专业人士必须公开与患者讨论疾病模型，特别是强调疾病和危机之间的区别。
Background Mental health literacy has been defined as the public's knowledge and the beliefs about mental disorders enhancing the ability to recognise specific disorders. Aims Firstly, to determine whether the public recognises a person depicted in a vignette as mentally ill or as experiencing a crisis. Secondly, to reveal the factors influencing the correct recognition. Methods Multiple logistic regression analysis of an opinion survey conducted in a representative population sample in Switzerland (n = 844). Results The depression vignette was correctly recognised by 39.8% whereas 60.2% of the respondents considered the person depicted as having a 'crisis.' The schizophrenia vignette was correctly identified by 73.6% of the interviewees. A positive attitude to psychopharmacology positively influenced the recognition of the two vignettes whereas a positive attitude to community psychiatry had the inverse effect. Moreover, for the depression vignette previous contact to mentally ill people had a positive influence on the recognition. For the schizophrenia vignette instead, rigidity and interest in mass media had a negative influence, respectively. Conclusions The low knowledge about mental disorders, particularly depression, confirms the importance and the need to increase mental health literacy. Furthermore, professionals must openly discuss illness models with their patients, especially emphasising the differences between illness and crisis.