Constructive perception: Coordinating perception and conception toward acts of problem-finding in a creative experience
Constructive perception: Coordinating perception and conception toward acts of problem-finding in a creative experience
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建设性感知：在创造性体验中协调发现问题行为的感知和构想
DOI：
10.1111/1468-5884.00227
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
M. Suwa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Suwa
：在创意体验中培养更好的表现是每个设计或艺术机构的一个问题。创造性体验具有哪些方面以及它由什么样的认知过程构成？如果有的话，应该如何训练学生使用认知技能来建立自己的创造性体验？本文的目的是研究这些问题，为创造性体验的教学奠定基础。通过考察经验丰富的建筑师的认知过程，我们发现创造性体验具有发现问题的一面；提出自己的问题并解决它们而不是仅仅解决所提出的问题的行为。此外，我们发现感知重组和概念生成的协调构成了创造性体验中发现问题的行为。使用模棱两可的图画进行的实验表明，协调自己的感知和构想以发明新颖的解释需要认知技能，即我们所说的建设性感知技能；也就是说，自我意识到当前解释背后的感知方式，从而重新组织感知并产生新的解释。我们将讨论如何帮助学生掌握这项技能以及如何设计教育计划以实现发现问题的行为。
: Fostering better performance in a creative experience is an issue in every institution of design or art. What aspect does a creative experience possess and what kind of cognitive processes constitute it? How should students be trained to entertain the use of cognitive skills, if any, in building up a creative experience of their own? The purpose of the present paper is to examine these issues to lay the foundation for the pedagogy of a creative experience. Examining the cognitive processes of an experienced architect, we found that a creative experience has the aspect of problem-finding; an act of formulating one's own problems and resolving them rather than just solving a presented problem. Further, we found that a coordination of both perceptual reorganization and conceptual generation constitutes an act of problem-finding in a creative experience. Experiments using ambiguous drawings have shown that coordinating one's own perception and conception for inventing novel interpretations requires a cognitive skill, what we call the skill of constructive perception; that is, to be self-aware of the way perception underlies the current interpretation and thereby reorganize perception and generate novel interpretations. How to help students master this skill and how to design educational programs to allow for accomplishment of acts of problem-finding will be discussed.