Surfactant reduction in embolism bubble adhesion and endothelial damage
Surfactant reduction in embolism bubble adhesion and endothelial damage
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DOI：
10.1097/00000542-200407000-00016
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发表时间：
2004-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Eckmann, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suzuki, A;Armstead, SC;Eckmann, DM
背景：在气体栓塞中，表面活性剂可能会降低气泡与血管壁的粘附力。作者使用切除的微血管测量气泡粘附力。他们通过测量血管的反应性和microscopic.Methods：微泡，注射到小动脉驻留5，10，或30分钟，完整或受损的内皮细胞，评估内皮细胞损伤。仅用大鼠血清（对照）或加入1% Perftoran（OJSC SPC Perftoran，莫斯科，俄罗斯）或1% Pluronic F-127（Molecular Probes，尤金，OR）进行灌注。测量气泡两端的压力、气泡长度和气泡直径，并计算每单位表面积的粘附力K = DeltaPD/4 1。结果：在内皮完整的情况下，对照组在10和30 min时的K值高于Perftoran组，在10 min时高于Pluronic F-127组（P < 0.05）。在空气灌注后添加表面活性剂以损伤内皮的情况下，Perftoran和Pluronic F-127的K在所有时间均较低（P < 0.05）。在空气灌注前在灌注液中加入表面活性剂，Perftoran在10和30 min时以及Pluronic F-127在10 min时的K低于对照组（P < 0.05）。苯肾上腺素诱导的血管收缩在各组之间是相同的。乙酰胆碱诱导的血管舒张作用在内皮完整的各组中是相同的，但在对照组中，在空气灌注后，表面活性剂暴露低于任何表面活性剂组（P < 0.05）。结论：表面活性剂降低了气泡粘附力，保留了基本的内皮结构和血管舒张功能，尽管试图破坏内皮。表面活性剂似乎除了降低气泡粘附力之外还保护内皮免受机械诱导的损伤。
Background: Surfactants may reduce the adhesion force holding bubbles to the vessel wall in gas embolism. The authors measured bubble adhesion force using excised microvessels. They assessed endothelial damage by measuring vessel reactivity and with microscopy.Methods: Microbubbles; injected into arterioles resided for 5, 10, or 30 min, with intact or damaged endothelium. Perfusion was with rat serum alone (control) or with 1% Perftoran (OJSC SPC Perftoran, Moscow, Russia) or 1% Pluronic F-127 (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR) added. Pressure across the bubble, bubble length, and bubble diameter were measured, and adhesion force per unit surface area, K = DeltaPD/4 1, was calculated. Vessel reactivity was assessed using topical application of phenylephrine and acetylcholine.Results: With the endothelium intact, K was higher in controls than with Perftoran at 10 and 30 min or Pluronic F-127 at 10 min (P < 0.05). With surfactant added after air perfusion to damage the endothelium, K was lower (P < 0.05) at all times for both Perftoran and Pluronic F-127. With surfactant in the perfusate before air perfusion, K was lower at 10 and 30 min for Perftoran and at 10 min for Pluronic F-127 than for controls (P < 0.05). Phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction was identical among groups. Acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation was the same among groups with an intact endothelium but was found to be lower in controls after air perfusion that followed surfactant exposure than in either surfactant group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Surfactants reduced bubble adhesion force and preserved basic endothelial structure and vasodilatory function despite attempts to damage the endothelium. Surfactants seem to protect the endothelium from mechanically induced injury in addition to decreasing bubble adhesion forces.