Mapping metals at high redshift with far-infrared lines

Mapping metals at high redshift with far-infrared lines
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用远红外线绘制高红移金属图

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stv1788
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Pallottini A
Pallottini A
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pallottini A

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宇宙金属富集是调节星系形成和星系际介质(IGM)演化的关键物理过程之一。然而,迄今为止,确定最遥远星系的金属含量几乎是不可能的;而且,由于仪器的限制和背景类星体的缺乏,在2006年进行吸收线实验变得越来越困难。随着阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米波阵列(阿尔马)的出现,远红外发射线为研究早期金属富集提供了新的工具。其中,157.74 μm处的[C $\small {II}$]线是星系星际介质发射的最明亮的线。它还可以共振散射喜剧微波背景(CMB)光子,在CMB光谱的峰值附近诱导特征强度波动(ΔI/ICMB),从而允许探测低密度IGM。我们计算两个[C $\small {II}$]星系的发射和金属引起的CMB波动atz 276通过使用自适应网格细化宇宙流体动力学模拟和模拟观测直接与阿尔马波段6的数据(νobs <$272 GHz)进行比较。[C $\small {II}$]线通量与MUVas $\log(F_{\rm peak}/\mu {\rm Jy})= -27.205-2.253\,M_{\rm UV}-0.038\,M_{\rm UV}^2$相关。这种关系与最近的阿尔马观测MUV <-20星系的结果非常一致,例如Maiolino等人。和Capak et al.我们预测aMUV= −19(MUV= −18)星系可以在40(2000)h的4σ处被探测到。CMB共振散射可以产生10 ± 0.1 μJy/束的发射/散射特性,这对于用现有设备检测非常具有挑战性。探测这些信号的最佳策略是将指向已知MUV 19 - 19星系的深层阿尔马观测结果叠加起来。这将允许同时检测来自银河系再电离源的[C $\small {II}$]发射和由z 106金属产生的CMB波动。
Cosmic metal enrichment is one of the key physical processes regulating galaxy formation and the evolution of the intergalactic medium (IGM). However, determining the metal content of the most distant galaxies has proven so far almost impossible; also, absorption line experiments atz≳ 6 become increasingly difficult because of instrumental limitations and the paucity of background quasars. With the advent of Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), far-infrared emission lines provide a novel tool to study early metal enrichment. Among these, the [C $\small {II}$] line at 157.74 μm is the most luminous line emitted by the interstellar medium of galaxies. It can also resonant scatter comic microwave background (CMB) photons inducing characteristic intensity fluctuations (ΔI/ICMB) near the peak of the CMB spectrum, thus allowing to probe the low-density IGM. We compute both [C $\small {II}$] galaxy emission and metal-induced CMB fluctuations atz∼ 6 by using adaptive mesh refinement cosmological hydrodynamical simulations and produce mock observations to be directly compared with ALMA Band 6 data (νobs∼ 272 GHz). The [C $\small {II}$] line flux is correlated withMUVas $\log (F_{\rm peak}/\mu {\rm Jy})= -27.205 -2.253\,M_{\rm UV} -0.038\,M_{\rm UV}^2$. Such relation is in very good agreement with recent ALMA observations ofMUV< −20 galaxies by e.g. Maiolino et al. and Capak et al. We predict that aMUV= −19 (MUV= −18) galaxy can be detected at 4σ in ≃40 (2000) h, respectively. CMB resonant scattering can produce ≃  ± 0.1 μJy/beam emission/absorptions features that are very challenging to be detected with current facilities. The best strategy to detect these signals consists in the stacking of deep ALMA observations pointing fields with knownMUV≃ −19 galaxies. This would allow to simultaneously detect both [C $\small {II}$] emission from galactic reionization sources and CMB fluctuations produced byz∼ 6 metals.
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