Cognitive performance and its relationship with postprandial metabolic changes after ingestion of different macronutrients in the morning
Cognitive performance and its relationship with postprandial metabolic changes after ingestion of different macronutrients in the morning
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DOI：
10.1079/bjn2000269
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Wenk, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer, K;Colombani, PC;Wenk, C
对15名健康男性学生进行了碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪摄入对简单认知功能和复杂认知功能的影响以及餐后代谢变化与认知功能变化的关系进行了研究。受试者在三个疗程中接受测试，间隔1周，采用重复测量平衡交叉设计，测试血液变量、间接量热法、主观表现和不同目标表现任务的短期变化。在进食试验餐前和进食后3小时内每隔一夜禁食一次后进行测量。测试餐由纯碳水化合物、蛋白质或脂肪组成，作为等能量(1670kJ)的勺状奶油提供，具有类似的感官特性。主观表现的大部分方面在不同的测试餐之间没有区别。然而，对于所有的目标任务，在摄取脂肪并伴随着几乎恒定的葡萄糖代谢和以胰高血糖素：胰岛素(G：I)测量的恒定代谢激活状态的情况下，餐后认知表现最佳。相比之下，碳水化合物和蛋白质摄入导致整体认知能力下降，同时葡萄糖代谢和代谢激活也发生了部分显著的变化(P<；0.001)。根据它们对新陈代谢的特定影响，它们对特定认知功能的影响也不同(P<；0.05)。摄入碳水化合物导致相对较好的短期记忆和任务的准确性，伴随着较低的代谢激活，而摄入蛋白质导致较好的注意力和效率，伴随着较高的代谢激活。我们的发现支持这样一个概念，即良好和稳定的认知表现与平衡的葡萄糖代谢和代谢激活状态有关。
The effect of carbohydrate, protein and fat ingestion on simple as well as complex cognitive functions and the relationship between the respective postprandial metabolic changes and changes in cognitive performance were studied in fifteen healthy male students. Subjects were tested in three sessions, separated by 1 week, for short-term changes in blood variables, indirect calorimetry, subjective performance and different objective performance tasks using a repeated-measures counterbalanced cross-over design. Measurements were made after an overnight fast before and hourly during 3 h after test meal ingestion. Test meals consisted of either pure carbohydrates, protein or fat and were served as isoenergetic (1670 kJ) spoonable creams with similar sensory properties. Most aspects of subjective performance did not differ between test meals. For all objective tasks, however, postprandial cognitive performance was best after fat ingestion concomitant with an almost constant glucose metabolism and constant metabolic activation state measured by glucagon:insulin (G:I). In contrast, carbohydrate as well as protein ingestion resulted in lower overall cognitive performance, both together with partly marked changes (P < 0.001) in glucose metabolism and metabolic activation. They also differently affected specific cognitive functions (P < 0.05) in relation to their specific effect on metabolism. Carbohydrate ingestion resulted in relatively better short-term memory and accuracy of tasks concomitant with low metabolic activation, whereas protein ingestion resulted in better attention and efficiency of tasks concomitant with higher metabolic activation. Our findings support the concept that good and stable cognitive performance is related to a balanced glucose metabolism and metabolic activation state.