Dynamic non-photochemical quenching in plants: from molecular mechanism to productivity
Dynamic non-photochemical quenching in plants: from molecular mechanism to productivity
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DOI：
10.1111/tpj.14601
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发表时间：
2019-12-12
期刊：
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Ruban, Alexander V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murchie, Erik H.;Ruban, Alexander V.
光保护是指一组明确的植物过程，有助于防止强光和过量光对植物细胞，特别是叶绿体内的有害影响。叶绿体光保护的分子组成与光合作用的分子组成密切相关，它们共同影响生产力。现在存在的原理证明，主要的光保护过程，如非光化学猝灭（NPQ）直接决定整个冠层光合作用，生物量和产量通过防止光抑制和光合量子产量的瞬时下调。然而，这一现象既没有量化，也没有在不同环境中得到很好的表征。在这里，我们解决这个问题，通过评估现有的文献与以前所采取的不同的方法，从我们的理解的分子机制NPQ和其在动态环境中的调节。然后，我们转向叶片和植物水平，建立对NPQ限制光合作用的情况（何时何地）的理解，并将其与我们对这在分子和代谢水平上如何发生的理解联系起来。我们认为，需要这样的方法来微调的相关功能，提高动态NPQ在重要的作物品种。
Photoprotection refers to a set of well defined plant processes that help to prevent the deleterious effects of high and excess light on plant cells, especially within the chloroplast. Molecular components of chloroplast photoprotection are closely aligned with those of photosynthesis and together they influence productivity. Proof of principle now exists that major photoprotective processes such as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) directly determine whole canopy photosynthesis, biomass and yield via prevention of photoinhibition and a momentary downregulation of photosynthetic quantum yield. However, this phenomenon has neither been quantified nor well characterized across different environments. Here we address this problem by assessing the existing literature with a different approach to that taken previously, beginning with our understanding of the molecular mechanism of NPQ and its regulation within dynamic environments. We then move to the leaf and the plant level, building an understanding of the circumstances (when and where) NPQ limits photosynthesis and linking to our understanding of how this might take place on a molecular and metabolic level. We argue that such approaches are needed to fine tune the relevant features necessary for improving dynamic NPQ in important crop species.