The Basic Act for Suicide Prevention: Effects on Longitudinal Trend in Deliberate Self-Harm with Reference to National Suicide Data for 1996-2014.
The Basic Act for Suicide Prevention: Effects on Longitudinal Trend in Deliberate Self-Harm with Reference to National Suicide Data for 1996-2014.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph14010104
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发表时间：
2017-01-21
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ando S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakanishi M;Endo K;Ando S
日本于 2006 年启动了自杀预防战略，以解决自 1998 年以来自杀率大幅上升的问题。2007 年起的国家战略涉及加强紧急医疗机构的精神科治疗服务以及患者身边个人的支持性观察。 2008年以来全国自杀率逐渐下降；然而，没有关于故意自残的患者人数的国家信息。因此，本研究调查了日本因故意自残而入院的纵向趋势。使用了 1996 年至 2014 年间全国患者调查（每 3 年对住院护理进行全国代表性横断面调查）的数据。因故意自残而入院的人数包括 13,014 名患者的数据。结果显示，因故意自残而入院的人数从1996年9月的2078人增加到2008年9月全国自杀案件数量达到顶峰时的3189人，并下降到2014年的1783人。大约一半的患者因药物中毒以外的其他方式自残而入院，死亡率很高（5.6%）。与一般人群相比，有过故意自残行为的患者接受公共援助的比例较高（8.5%）。总体而言，随着时间的推移，故意自残的趋势与自杀案件的数量是同步的。由于经济贫困与自杀意念和行为有关，并且一些公共援助的接受者倾向于滥用精神药物，公共援助计划应为社会福利计划的接受者提供心理健康支持。
A suicide prevention strategy was launched in Japan in 2006 to address the high suicide rate, which had increased considerably since 1998. The national strategy from 2007 involved the enhancement of psychiatric treatment services at emergency medical facilities and supportive observation by individuals close to patients. The national suicide rate has decreased gradually since 2008; however, national information regarding the number of patients who had engaged in deliberate self-harm was absent. Therefore, the present study examined the longitudinal trend in hospital admissions due to deliberate self-harm in Japan. Data from the National Patient Survey between 1996 and 2014—a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of inpatient care every 3 years—were used. Data for 13,014 patients were included in the estimation of the number of hospital admissions due to deliberate self-harm. The results show that the estimated number of admissions due to deliberate self-harm increased from 2078 in September 1996 to 3189 in September 2008, when the national number of suicide cases peaked, and decreased to 1783 in 2014. Approximately half of the patients were admitted to hospital because of self-harm via means other than drug poisoning, which had a high mortality rate (5.6%). The proportion of patients receiving public assistance was higher in those who had engaged in deliberate self-harm (8.5%) relative to that observed in the general population. Overall, the trend in deliberate self-harm was synchronous with the number of suicide cases over time. As economic poverty has been associated with suicidal ideation and behavior and some recipients of public assistance tend to abuse psychotropic medication, the public assistance program should provide mental health support for recipients of social benefit schemes.