A spatially nonlinear generalised actuator disk model for the simulation of horizontal axis wind and tidal turbines
A spatially nonlinear generalised actuator disk model for the simulation of horizontal axis wind and tidal turbines
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DOI：
10.1016/j.energy.2019.116803
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发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
M. Edmunds;A. Williams;I. Masters;A. Banerjee;James H. VanZwieten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Edmunds;A. Williams;I. Masters;A. Banerjee;James H. VanZwieten
可再生能源风力和潮汐涡轮机的有效数值模拟对于农场设备的布局非常重要。使用叶片几何形状解析模型的计算流体动力学（CFD）方法在计算上是昂贵的。因此，大多数阵列模型使用转子的源项表示，通常是致动器盘、致动器线或叶片元件盘。不幸的是，这些方法很少捕捉足够的物理准确预测功率，并在同一时间正确地计算尾流速度场和湍流structure.This研究介绍了一种新的广义致动器盘CFD模型（GAD-CFD），达到所需的精度水平轴风力和潮汐涡轮机及其尾流的模拟。这种新方法将有限体积CFD代码与代表转子的附加源项相结合，包括：通过修改下洗分布正确考虑沿翼型沿着的损失;简明的下洗分布计算;认识到翼型横截面沿长度沿着变化;动态改变雷诺数和应用尖端半径修正。还报道了翼型升力和阻力系数及其随厚度、表面粗糙度和雷诺数的变化，这是正确表征整个旋翼所必需的，研究了这种方法的有效性，并通过两个实验进行了验证，证明了传统源项方法的改进，特别是正确的CFD方法来计算叶尖损失和随之而来的下游尾迹预测。这项研究提供了信心，在应用程序中的小规模水槽研究和大规模阵列部署在海洋和风环境。
Efficient numerical simulation of renewable energy wind and tidal turbines is important for the layout of devices in farms. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approaches using blade geometry resolved models are computationally expensive. Therefore, most array models use source term representations of rotors, normally actuator disk, actuator line or blade element disk. Unfortunately, these methods rarely capture enough physics to accurately predict power and at the same time correctly characterise the wake velocity field and turbulent structures.This study describes a new Generalised Actuator Disk CFD model (GAD-CFD), that achieves the required accuracy for the simulation of horizontal axis wind and tidal turbines and their wakes. This new method combines a finite volume CFD code with additional source terms representing the rotor, including: correct consideration of losses along the foil by modification of the distribution of downwash; a concise downwash distribution computation; recognition that foil cross section varies along the length; dynamically changing Reynolds numbers and the application of a tip radius correction. Also reported are foil lift and drag coefficients and their variation with thickness, surface roughness and Reynolds number, which is necessary for the proper characterisation the whole rotor.The effectiveness of this approach is investigated and validated against two experiments, and demonstrates improvements over traditional source term methods, in particular the correct CFD approach to tip losses and consequent downstream wake prediction. This study provides confidence in application to both small scale flume studies and large scale array deployments in both the marine and wind environments.