Evaluation of 'best practice' (SCOPS) guidelines for nematode control on commercial sheep farms in England and Wales
Evaluation of 'best practice' (SCOPS) guidelines for nematode control on commercial sheep farms in England and Wales
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.12.004
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发表时间：
2015-01-30
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Taylor, Mike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Learmount, Jane;Gettinby, George;Taylor, Mike
寄生虫病是优化畜牧业生产的主要制约因素，也是英国羊群经济损失的主要原因，农民仍然依赖驱虫剂进行控制。在英国，基于研究和证据的绵羊寄生虫可持续控制“最佳实践”指南(SCOP)于2004年首次编制，并自那以来定期更新。本研究旨在与传统管理方法相比，评估这些控制寄生虫的最佳实践指南对羔羊生产和感染水平的影响。根据2立方体析因设计选择了16个农场，其中包括3个已知影响蠕虫流行病学的因素：控制方案、农场类型和气候地区。与农场兽医一起，为8个最佳实践(SCOP)农场的每个农场准备了使用7种潜在抗药性延迟做法的正式蠕虫控制计划。传统管理组(对照农场)中的8个农场是根据他们使用被认为是“更高风险”的蠕虫控制策略的持续证据而选择的。对每个农场的40-50只研究羔羊进行了从出生到育肥的监测，以评估羔羊的生产力、蠕虫感染水平和比较驱虫治疗的数量。出生体重和季节中期体重被用来计算每日活体重增加。出生日期和出生日期被用来计算完成的时间，完成体重也进行了比较。全年进行粪卵计数、幼虫培养和物种分化，以评估控制策略对蠕虫负担的影响。当比较考虑出生体重差异的预测平均值时，三种生产反应中的任何一种的结果都没有显著差异。事实上，在比较观察平均值时，养殖猪场的平均日增重和完成体重比对照养殖场要高。对感染水平的统计分析清楚地表明，根据农场类型(p=0.71)或处理方式(p=0.81)，感染水平没有显著影响。相比之下，地区(p=0.08)的影响虽然不显著，但在北方农场与南方农场相比，有更大的影响大小(标准化平均差异)，基于粪卵计数的寄生虫负担更低。对于母羊和羔羊，在SCOP农场进行的处理明显较少。从这项研究收集的数据表明，实施SCOP原则的农场比其他农场使用的驱虫剂更少，不会损失动物性能或增加蠕虫负担。(C)由爱思唯尔出版的2015年。
Parasitic diseases are a major constraint to optimum livestock production and are the major cause of economic loss in UK sheep flocks, with farmers remaining dependant on anthelmintics for control. In the UK, research and evidence based, "best practice" guidelines for sustainable control of parasites in sheep (SCOPS) were first produced in 2004 and have been regularly updated since. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of these best practice guidelines for worm control on lamb production and infection levels, compared with more traditional management. Sixteen farms were selected based on a 2 cube factorial design with 3 factors known to affect worm epidemiology: control regimen; farm type; and climatic region. A formalised plan for worm control using 7 potential resistance-delaying practices was prepared for each of the 8 best practice (SCOPS) farms, in conjunction with the farms veterinarians. The 8 farms in the traditional management group (CONTROL farms) were selected based on ongoing evidence of them using worm control strategies deemed to be "higher-risk". A cohort of 40-50 study lambs at each farm was monitored from birth to finishing, allowing evaluation of lamb productivity, worm infection levels and for comparison of numbers of anthelmintic treatments. Birth and mid-season weights were used to calculate daily live-weight gain. Birth and finish dates were used to calculate time to finish and finish weights were also compared. Faecal egg counts, larval culture and species differentiation were undertaken throughout the year to assess the impact of the control strategies on worm burdens. There was no significant difference in results for any of the 3 production responses when comparing predicted means accounting for the differences in birth weight. In fact SCOPS farms had, on average, a higher daily weight gain and finish weight than CONTROL farms when comparing observed means. Statistical analysis of infection levels clearly showed no significant effect according to farm type (p = 0.71) or treatment (p = 0.81). In contrast the effect of region (p = 0.08), although not significant, had a much larger effect size (standardised mean difference) with lower parasite burdens based on faecal egg counts on Northern farms compared to Southern farms. For both ewes and lambs, significantly fewer treatments were carried out on the SCOPS farms. The data collected from this study suggests that farms implementing SCOPS principles use less anthelmintic than other farms, without loss of animal performance or increased worm burden. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.