Association of PAHs and BTEX exposure with lung function and respiratory symptoms among a nonoccupational population near the coal chemical industry in Northern China
Association of PAHs and BTEX exposure with lung function and respiratory symptoms among a nonoccupational population near the coal chemical industry in Northern China
复制标题
北方煤化工地区非职业人群PAHs和BTEX暴露与肺功能和呼吸道症状的关系
DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.004
复制
发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Xu, Zhencheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Laiguo;Hu, Guocheng;Xu, Zhencheng
煤炭工业和生物质燃料燃烧产生的排放物（特别是芳香族化合物）对邻近居民的健康构成很高的威胁。为探讨多环芳烃（PAHs）与苯、甲苯、乙苯和1,2-二甲苯（BTEX）暴露对中国北方煤化工附近成人和儿童肺功能和呼吸道症状的影响，选取煤化工密集区某县的成人和儿童作为调查对象（调查区，IR）。对照组为来自某农业县（控制区，CR）的成人和儿童。采用同位素稀释液相色谱-串联质谱法测定成人和儿童的环境和尿液中多环芳烃和BTEX水平。采用Mann-Whitney U检验和多元线性回归模型分析污染物暴露与呼吸系统的关系。结果表明，在环境环境中，IR中PAHs和BTEX含量显著高于CR，其中空气样品的浓度曲线为IR > CR，室内>室外。在成人和儿童中，IR测得的尿中多环芳烃和BTEX的几何浓度均显著高于CR测得的浓度。此外，吸烟者的尿中多环芳烃暴露水平曲线高于非吸烟者，表明室内空气和吸烟都是重要的非职业暴露源。儿童第一秒用力呼气次数（FEV1, %）和用力呼气中流速（FEF25%）下降与尿中PAH代谢物水平升高相关（p < 0.05）。尿中1-OHN、3-OHPhe、4-OHPhe和1-OHP水平的升高与FEV1 （r = -0.179, p < 0.05）和FEF25%的降低相关，相关系数分别为-0.166、-0.201和-0.175 （p < 0.05）。医学检查和肺功能测试表明，与CR居民相比，IR居民胸炎或肺功能下降的发生率更高。此外，暴露于多环芳烃和BTEX会导致儿童肺功能下降，但未观察到成人肺功能下降。尿液监测和肺功能数据显示，儿童对多环芳烃和BTEX的暴露比成人更敏感。
Emissions (particularly aromatic compounds) from coal industries and biomass fuels combustion lead to high health risks for neighboring residents. To investigate the association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and 1,2-dimethylbenzene (BTEX) exposure with lung function and respiratory symptoms among adults and children near the coal-chemical industry in Northern China, adults and children from a county dotted with coal chemical industry were chosen as subjects for investigation (investigated area, IR). The control group consisted of adults and children from an agricultural county (control area, CR). The environmental and urinary PAH and BTEX levels of adults and children were determined by isotope dilution liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The Mann-Whitney U test and multivariate linear regression models were used to analyze the relationship between pollutant exposure and the respiratory system. The results showed that in an ambient environment, levels of PAHs and BTEX in the IR were significantly higher than those in the CR. Particularly, the concentration profiles for air samples were IR > CR and indoor > outdoor. Both for adults and children, the geometric (GM) concentrations of urinary PAHs and BTEX from the IR were significantly higher than those measured in the CR. Additionally, the urinary PAH exposure level profiles of smokers were higher than those of nonsmokers, indicating that indoor air and smoking were both important nonoccupational exposure sources. The decline of the forced expiratory in the first second (FEV1, %) and the forced expiratory middle flow rate (FEF25%) in children were associated with increasing urinary PAH metabolite levels (p < 0.05). The increase in urinary 1-OHN, 3-OHPhe, 4-OHPhe and 1-OHP levels could be linked to a decrease in FEV1 (r = -0.179, p < 0.05) and FEF25% with the coefficient of -0.166, -0.201 and -0.175 (p < 0.05), respectively. Medical examinations and lung function tests indicated that residents in the IR had higher occurrences of chest inflammation or declining lung function than residents in the CR. Moreover, exposure to PAHs and BTEX could decrease child lung function, though decreased lung function was not observed in adults. Both urinary monitoring and lung function data showed that children were more sensitive to PAH and BTEX exposure than adults.