Effects of baseline risk information on social and individual choices
Effects of baseline risk information on social and individual choices
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DOI：
10.1177/02729890222062937
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Nielsen, JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gyrd-Hansen, D;Kristiansen, IS;Nielsen, JB
本文分析了个人和社会决策背景下的风险降低偏好。在这两种情况下，基线风险的信息的效果进行了分析。结果表明，如果个人想象他们患有1个腰部风险和1个高风险疾病，并提供了一个指定的相同的绝对风险降低，大多数人会在其他条件不变的情况下选择治疗低风险疾病。当优先问题被框定为社会选择时，会引出不同的偏好结构。在这里，大多数人更愿意治疗高危患者。偏好逆转表明了基线风险信息在不同选择环境中对偏好的影响程度。有人认为，基准风险信息的介绍可能会引起框架效应，导致非最佳资源配置。解决这一问题的一个办法可能是在征求偏好时不提供特定群体的基线风险信息。
This article analyzes preferences for risk reductions in the context of individual and societal decision making. The effect of information on baseline risk is analyzed in both contexts. The results indicate that if individuals are to imagine that they suffer from 1 loin-risk and 1 high-risk ailment, and are offered a specified identical absolute risk reduction, a majority will ceteris paribus opt for treatment of the low-risk ailment. A different preference structure is elicited when priority questions are framed as social choices. Here, a majority will prefer to treat the high-risk group of patients. The preference reversal demonstrates the extent to which baseline risk information can influence preferences in different choice settings. It is argued that presentation of baseline risk information may induce framing effects that lead to nonoptimal resource allocations. A solution to this problem may be to not present group-specific baseline risk information when eliciting preferences.