Immigration as Industrial Strategy in American Meatpacking
Immigration as Industrial Strategy in American Meatpacking
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DOI：
10.1080/09538250500354140
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Hake, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Champlin, Dell;Hake, Eric
本文探讨了拉丁美洲移民，美国肉类加工业和美国移民政策的最近变化之间的联系。随着肉类加工业纵向一体化，并转移到整个南方的农村非工会地区，它越来越依赖短期低技能雇员。这一过程可以理解为肉类加工的工业化，其盈利能力取决于连续的高通量生产。为了取得成功，肉类加工的工业化需要大量易于更换的劳动力，这些劳动力无法控制车间的工作节奏。与此同时，随着移民被吸引到这些新的公司城镇，美国的移民政策越来越多地转向边境执法。我们认为，非法移民在工厂内的存在降低了车间工人的议价能力，增加了雇主的控制。大多数关于移民的研究都集中在移民劳动力的供应上，即移民被高薪工作所吸引。我们认为，有价值的洞察力是通过观察制造商对廉价劳动力的需求和需要它的产业战略的实施来获得的。
This paper examines the connections linking recent changes in Latino migration, the American meatpacking industry, and American immigration policy. As the meatpacking industry has vertically integrated and shifted to rural non-union areas throughout the South, it has grown increasingly dependent on short-term low-skilled employees. This process can be understood as the industrialization of meatpacking, where profitability depends on continuous high-throughput production. To succeed, the industrialization of meatpacking requires a large pool of easily replaceable labor that has no control over the pace work on of the shop floor. At the same time, as immigrants have been drawn to these new company towns, American immigration policy has turned increasingly towards border enforcement. We argue that the presence of illegal immigrants within the factories reduces the bargaining power of shop workers and increases employer control. Most studies of immigration have focused on the supply of migrant labor, the immigrants attracted to higher paying jobs. We argue that valuable insight is gained by looking at the manufacturers' demand for cheap labor and the implementation of an industrial strategy that requires it.