Effects of alcohol taxes on alcohol-related disease mortality in New York State from 1969 to 2006
Effects of alcohol taxes on alcohol-related disease mortality in New York State from 1969 to 2006
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.02.019
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Wagenaar, Alexander C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delcher, Chris;Maldonado-Molina, Mildred M.;Wagenaar, Alexander C.
目的：增加酒精税与减少酒精相关危害的关系已经确立。然而，很少有研究考察酒精税率突然下降的影响，或仅限于特定饮料类型的狭窄税收变化的影响。在本研究中，我们：（1）研究对烈酒增税是否与同时对所有类型的酒精饮料增税在降低酒精相关疾病死亡率方面具有相似的效果;（2）评估纽约州降低啤酒特定税对死亡率的影响。方法：我们采用了时间序列的准实验研究设计，包括纽约州的非酒精死亡率和其他州的酒精相关疾病死亡率进行比较。该数据集包括纽约州38年（1969-2006年）内456个月的死亡率观察值。我们使用了随机效应的方法，并包括其他几个重要的covariates.Results：酒精相关疾病的死亡率下降了7.0%后，1990年增加烈酒和啤酒的税收。一个精神只增税（在1972年）与死亡率没有显着相关，但数据异常增加了错误的影响估计。1996年至2006年期间，啤酒税的小幅下降对死亡率没有明显影响。将啤酒税从每加仑0.11美元增加一倍到0.22美元，恢复到纽约州1990年的水平，将减少死亡人数，估计每年死亡250人。修改单一饮料类型的税率似乎不如同时修改多种酒精饮料的税率有效。在纽约，啤酒税的小幅下降与酒精相关疾病的死亡率没有显著相关性。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Objective: The relationship of increased alcohol taxes to reductions in alcohol-related harm is well established. Few studies, however, have examined the effects of sudden decreases in alcohol tax rates or effects of narrow tax changes limited to specific beverage types. In the current study, we: (1) examine whether tax increases on spirits have similar effects in reducing alcohol-related disease mortality as increasing taxes on all types of alcoholic beverages simultaneously, and (2) evaluate effects of beer-specific tax decreases in New York State on mortality.Method: We used a time-series, quasi-experimental research design, including non-alcohol deaths within New York State and other states' rates of alcohol-related disease mortality for comparison. The dataset included 456 monthly observations of mortality in New York State over a 38-year period (1969-2006). We used a random-effects approach and included several other important covariates.Results: Alcohol-related disease mortality declined by 7.0% after a 1990 tax increase for spirits and beer. A spirits-only tax increase (in 1972) was not significantly associated with mortality but a data anomaly increased error in this effect estimate. Small tax decreases on beer between 1996 and 2006 had no measurable effect on mortality. Doubling the beer tax from $0.11 to $0.22 per gallon, a return to New York State's 1990 levels, would decrease deaths by an estimated 250 deaths per year.Conclusions: Excise tax increases on beer and spirits were associated with reductions in alcohol-related disease mortality. Modifying tax rates on a single beverage type does not appear to be as effective as doing so on multiple alcoholic beverages simultaneously. In New York, small decreases in beer taxes were not significantly associated with alcohol-related disease mortality. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.