Transport of Manure‐Based Applied Sulfadiazine and Its Main Transformation Products in Soil Columns
Transport of Manure‐Based Applied Sulfadiazine and Its Main Transformation Products in Soil Columns
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DOI：
10.2136/vzj2008.0122
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
M. Unold;J. Šimůnek;R. Kasteel;J. Groeneweg;H. Vereecken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Unold;J. Šimůnek;R. Kasteel;J. Groeneweg;H. Vereecken
利用抗生素磺胺嘧啶(SDZ)及其主要转化产物在猪粪中的溶质置换实验，研究了粪便对SDZ转运的影响。将含有14C-磺胺嘧啶(4-氨基-N-2-嘧啶基苯磺酰胺)及其主要转化产物14C-4-OH-SDZ和14C-N-Ac-SDZ的猪粪或14C-SDZ溶液加入原状和重新填充的第一厘米土柱中，然后灌溉。测定了14C、SDZ、4-OH-SDZ、N-Ac-SDZ和4-[2-亚氨基嘧啶-1(2H)-基]-苯胺的穿透曲线。在淋溶实验结束后，确定了~(14)C随深度的分布。SDZ与有机肥配施后，14C BTCs的峰值较低，洗脱量略低。在使用有机肥的试验中，土柱最上层的14C浓度较高，这可能是由于SDZ或其转化产物所吸附的粪便颗粒的过滤所致。转化产物表现出与SDZ相似的相对较高的浸出潜力。与有机颗粒的共转运似乎与溶质的洗脱量没有太大关系。所有的BTCs都用一个数值模型来模拟，该模型考虑了从N-Ac-SDZ到SDZ和从SDZ到4-OH-SDZ的降解链，以及每个溶质一个可逆和一个不可逆的动力学吸附位置。应用模型对SDZ及其转化产物的BTCs进行了较好的拟合。拟合过程表明SDZ及其转化产物具有较高的流动性。当N-Ac-SDZ降解较快且未观察到N-Ac-SDZ的延伸拖尾时，4-OH-SDZ的迁移行为与SDZ相似。
Solute displacement experiments with the antibiotic sulfadiazine (SDZ) and its main transformation products in pig manure were performed to investigate the influence of manure on SDZ transport. Either pig manure containing 14C‐sulfadiazine (4‐amino‐N‐2‐pyrimidinyl‐benzenesulfonamide), and its main transformation products 14C‐4‐OH‐SDZ and 14C‐N‐Ac‐SDZ, or a 14C‐SDZ solution was incorporated in the first centimeter of undisturbed and repacked soil columns, which were then irrigated. Breakthrough curves (BTCs) of 14C, SDZ, 4‐OH‐SDZ, N‐Ac‐SDZ and 4‐[2‐iminopyrimidine‐1(2H)‐yl]‐anilin were measured. The 14C distributions vs. depths were determined after the conclusion of the leaching experiments. An application of SDZ together with manure resulted in lower peak values of the 14C BTCs and a slightly lower amount of eluted mass. In the experiments with manure, the 14C concentrations in the uppermost layers of the soil columns were higher, probably due to the filtration of manure particles onto which SDZ or its transformation products were sorbed. The transformation products showed a relatively high leaching potential similar to SDZ. Cotransport with organic particles seemed to be of minor relevance for the eluted amounts of solutes. All BTCs were modeled using a numerical model that considered degradation chains from N‐Ac‐SDZ into SDZ and from SDZ into 4‐OH‐SDZ, as well as one reversible and one irreversible kinetic sorption site for each solute. The applied model fitted the BTCs of SDZ and its transformation products reasonably well. The fitting process revealed a high mobility of both SDZ and its transformation products. While N‐Ac‐SDZ degradation into SDZ was fast and no extended tailing of N‐Ac‐SDZ was observed, the transport behavior of 4‐OH‐SDZ was similar to that of SDZ.