LARVAL MOVEMENTS OF CHILO-PARTELLUS (LEPIDOPTERA, PYRALIDAE) WITHIN AND BETWEEN PLANTS - TIMING, DENSITY RESPONSES AND SURVIVAL
LARVAL MOVEMENTS OF CHILO-PARTELLUS (LEPIDOPTERA, PYRALIDAE) WITHIN AND BETWEEN PLANTS - TIMING, DENSITY RESPONSES AND SURVIVAL
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007485300042498
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发表时间：
1992-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
BERGER, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BERGER, A
二化螟Chilo partellus（Swinhoe）幼虫在寄主植物上的扩散过程可分为4个阶段：第1阶段，初孵幼虫从卵批向植物轮状体扩散时的气球状扩散;第2阶段，第1、2龄幼虫在卵羽化后的一周内离开植物轮状体扩散;在实验室实验中，幼虫的扩散是密度依赖的扩散阶段1，3和4，有明确的差异，玉米和高粱之间的迁移幼虫的百分比和迁移时间。玉米植株比高粱植株容纳更多的蛹，这表明玉米中较老幼虫在田间的分布比高粱中更集中。蛹重降低，高粱上的侵扰水平，但似乎对玉米的影响较小。在四种温度和相对湿度组合中，对饥饿的抵抗力随年龄的增长而增加。所有的幼龟都能在饥饿6小时后存活下来，但爬行能力大大降低。7日龄和15日龄幼虫的影响逐渐减少。较老的幼虫存活下来，并在48小时后保持其活动性。成功的扩散将取决于寄主植物，卵负荷，和迁移的成本，这些成本将随着幼虫年龄的变化。
Four dispersal phases occur during larval development of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) on young host plants, phase 1, ballooning of newly hatched larvae when moving from egg batch to plant whorl, phase 2, ballooning of first and second instars which leave the plant whorl in the week after egg eclosion, phase 3, walking prior to stem penetration, and phase 4, walking after stem penetration. In laboratory experiments larval dispersal was density dependent during dispersal phases 1, 3 and 4 and there were clear differences between maize and sorghum in the percentage of migrating larvae and time of migration. Maize plants accommodated many more pupae than sorghum plants which suggests that the distribution of older larvae in the field can be more clumped in maize than in sorghum. Pupal weight decreased with infestation level on sorghum but seemed less affected on maize. Resistance to starvation in four combinations of temperature and relative humidity increased with age. All hatchlings survived six hours' starvation but with considerably reduced crawling capacity. Seven- and 15-day old larvae were decreasingly affected. Older larvae survived and maintained their mobility after 48 hours. Successful dispersal will depend on host-plant, egg load, and costs of migration; these costs will change with larval age.